In the presence of esculetin and HA14-1 (sc-205911) expression of the death receptor 4 (DR4) has been observed to be upregulated and extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) to be activated. Other studies suggest that esculetin upregulates death receptor 5 (DR5) protein expression, and enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis. It also inhibits the activity of 12-LO (12-lipoxygenase), and decreases leukotriene biosynthesis during 5-LO inhibition.
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ChEBI: A hydroxycoumarin that is umbelliferone in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light.
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Esculetin is a derivative of coumarin, found in various plant species including Cichorium intybus (chicory), Bougainvillea spectabilis, Artemisia capillaris, etc and leaves of Citrus limonia (Rutaceae), Ceratostigma willmottianum, etc. It exhibits multiple pharmacological activities and is found to be a potent inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, 5-lipoxygenase, 12-lipoxygenase, catechol-O-methyl transferase, NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase enzymes.
Purification Methods
It forms prisms from AcOH, aqueous EtOH or aqueous MeOH, and provides leaflets on sublimation in a vacuum. [Kagan J Am Chem Soc 88 2617 1966, Marby et al. Phytochemistry 4 492 1965.] Esculin (the 6-glucoside) has m 215o(dec), [] D -41o (c 5, pyridine). [Beilstein 18 III/IV 1322, 18/3 V 202.]
