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Peppermint oil

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Peppermint oil is produced by steam distillation of the flowering herb Mentha x piperita L. It is an almost colorless to pale greenish-yellow liquid with a characteristic peppermint odor.
US oils: d²⁰₂₀ 0.899–0.911; n²⁰_D 1.4590–1.4650; α²⁰_D 32 ° to 18 °; solubility: 1 vol in max. 3 vol of 70% ethanol at 20℃.
Oils of other origin, for example, from China and India: d²⁰₂₀ 0.898–0.918; n²⁰_D 1.4590–1.4650; α²⁰_D 30 ° to 14 °; solubility: 1 vol in max. 5 vol of 70% ethanol at 20℃.
As in cornmint oil, the main component of peppermint oil is ()-menthol (36–46%)/(32–49%); it also contains ()-menthone (15–25%)/(13–28%) and ()-menthyl acetate (3–6.5%)/(2–8%). However, peppermint oil, unlike cornmint oil, has a higher content of (+)-menthofuran (1.5–6%)/(1–8%); data for the US oils and oils of other origin, for example, China, India.

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Peppermint oil is a pale-yellow liquid. The physical–chemical characteristics of the oil vary depending on the source. For details on Italian, French and American peppermint oil, refer to Burdock (1997).

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peppermint oil is credited with refreshing, cooling, bactericidal, and anti-irritant properties. It is also used as a fragrance. Peppermint oil can produce allergic reactions such as hay fever, skin rashes, and irritation, especially if a dressing is applied over the oil. extracted from the leaves of the peppermint plant, menthol accounts for more than 50 percent of its content.

Essential oil composition

The main constituents are identical in all oil varieties, but the relative ratios vary widely. Constituents include alpha- and beta-pinene, limonene, cineol, ethyl amylcarbinol, menthone, isomenthone menthofuran, menthol, neomenthol, isomenthol menthyl acetate and piperitone. The oil contains: menthone: 15 to 32%; esters (menthyl acetate) 3 to 10%; and menthol: 30.0 to 55.0%. More than 100 chemicals have been detected in the peppermint oil and their relative concentration varies between cultivars and geographic location.

Safety Profile

Moderately toxic by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. An allergen. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes

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