??? ????? ???
|
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??? ????? ??? ??
- ???
- °C
- ?? ?
- 110 °C
- ??
- 0.866 g/mL at 25 °C
- ???
- 17.5 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
- ???
- n
20/D 1.384
- ???
- 80 °F
- ?? ??
- Store below +30°C.
- ???
- ???(?? ???), ?(?? ???)
- ??? ??
- ??
- ??
- APHA: ≤10
- ??
- ???? ?? ?? ??
- ??????(pH)
- >13 (H2O, 20°C)
- ???
- ?? ?????.
- ??
- Air Sensitive
- Merck
- 14,9224
- BRN
- 3558708
- Henry's Law Constant
- 2.3×1010 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, HSDB (2015)
- ???
- ????. ???. ?? ???, ??? ???? ????.
- InChI
- 1S/C4H12N.H2O/c1-5(2,3)4;/h1-4H3;1H2/q+1;/p-1
- InChIKey
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M
- SMILES
- [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C
- CAS ??????
- 75-59-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
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- ?? ? ?? ??
- ?? ? ???? ?? (GHS)
| ??? ?? | C,T,F,T+,Xn | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| ?? ???? ?? | 24/25-34-20/21/22-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-10-21/22-25-21-11-67-36-52-48/24-27/28-23-35-36/38 | ||
| ????? | 45-36/37/39-26-16-36/37-28 | ||
| ????(UN No.) | UN 1835 8/PG II (TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE AQUEOUS SOLUTION with more than 2.5 % but less than 25 % tetramethylammonium hydroxide) | ||
| ????(UN No.) | UN 1835 8/PG III (TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE AQUEOUS SOLUTION with not more than 2.5 % tetramethylammonium hydroxide) | ||
| ????(UN No.) | UN 3423 6.1/PG I (TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE, SOLID) | ||
| WGK ?? | 1 | ||
| RTECS ?? | PA0875000 | ||
| F ?????? | 4.4-10-34 | ||
| TSCA | TSCA listed | ||
| ?? ?? | 3 | ||
| ???? | II | ||
| HS ?? | 29239000 | ||
| ???? ??? | 3 - Flammable liquids | ||
| Hazard Classifications | Acute Tox. 2 Dermal Acute Tox. 2 Oral Acute Tox. 3 Inhalation Aquatic Chronic 3 Eye Dam. 1 Flam. Liq. 3 Skin Corr. 1B STOT RE 1 Dermal STOT SE 1 |
||
| ?? ?? ??? | 75-59-2(Hazardous Substances Data) | ||
| ???? ?? | KE-33550 | ||
| ?????? ??? | 2002-1-529 | ||
| ?? ? ???? | ????: ????; ???(??)????: ??? ????????? ? ?? 25% ?? ??? ??? |
??? ????? ??? C??? ??, ??, ??
??
Tetramethylammonium hydroxide is a solid in the hydrated form or a colorless liquid with a strong ammonia-like odor. It is soluble in water, and corrosive to metals and tissue.??? ??
colourless to yellow liquid??
Tetramethylammonium hydroxide is used to produce tetramethyl-ammonium azide. It is used as an anisotropic etchant of silicon, basic solvent in the development of acidic photoresist in photolithography process, as surfactant in the synthesis of ferrofluid and as a polarographic reagent. It finds application in the production of organic silicon, where it is used for computer silicon wafer surface brightener and cleaning agent. It is also involved in the purification of some metallic elements.Tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution (25 wt.% solution in water) may be used as a base for pH adjustment to obtain hexagonal mesoporous aluminophosphate (TAP).
?? ??
Tetramethylammonium hydroxide is a quaternary ammonium salt generally used as an anisotropic etchant for silicon due to its high silicon etching rate.?? ???
Tetramethylammonium hydroxide acts like a base. Bases are chemically similar to sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or sodium oxide (Na2O). They neutralize acids exothermically to form salts plus water. When soluble in water they give solutions having a pH greater than 7.0. Mixing these materials with water can generate troublesome amounts of heat as the base is dissolved or diluted. Bases react with certain metals (such as aluminum and zinc) to form oxides or hydroxides of the metal and generate gaseous hydrogen. Bases may initiate polymerization reactions in polymerizable organic compounds, especially epoxides). They may generate flammable and/or toxic gases with ammonium salts, nitrides, halogenated organics, various metals, peroxides, and hydroperoxides. Materials of this group often serve as catalysts.????
TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.????
Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form.Safety Profile
Poison by subcutaneous route. A powerful caustic. A corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx and NH3.Purification Methods
It is freed from chloride ions by passage through an ion-exchange column (e.g. Amberlite IRA-400, prepared in its OH-form by passing 2M NaOH until the effluent is free from chloride ions, then washed with distilled H2O until neutral). A modification, to obtain carbonate-free hydroxide, uses the method of Davies and Nancollas [Nature 165 237 1950]. [Beilstein 4 IV 145.]?? ??
1.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetramethylammonium_hydroxide#Uses2.http://sacheminc.com/other-chemicals/tetramethylammonium-hydroxide-tmah/
3.https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/15506
4.https://www.concordia.ca/content/dam/concordia/services/safety/docs/EHS-DOC-020_TMAHGuidelines.pdf
5.http://www.hezefdc.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB2854236.htm
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