?????
|
|
????? ??
- ???
- 568 °C(lit.)
- ?? ?
- 960 °C
- ??
- 1.01 g/mL at 20 °C
- ?? ??
- 6.3 (vs air)
- ???
- 10 mm Hg ( 656 °C)
- ???
- 960°C
- ?? ??
- 2-8°C
- ???
- H2O: ???
- ??? ??
- ??
- ??
- ???
- Specific Gravity
- 4.047
- ???
- 1400g/L(20℃)
- ??
- Hygroscopic
- Crystal Structure
- CdCl2 type
- crystal system
- Three sides
- Merck
- 14,1617
- Space group
- R3m
- Lattice constant
a/nm b/nm c/nm α/o β/o γ/o V/nm3 0.3846 0.3846 1.749 90 90 120 0.2241
- ?? ??
- ACGIH: TWA 0.01 mg/m3; TWA 0.002 mg/m3
NIOSH: IDLH 9 mg/m3
- ???
- ????. ??? ?? ? ??? ???? ???. ?, ???, ?, ??? ? ???? ???? ????. ???.
- InChI
- 1S/Cd.2ClH/h;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2
- InChIKey
- YKYOUMDCQGMQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L
- SMILES
- Cl[Cd]Cl
- CAS ??????
- 10108-64-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
??
- ?? ? ?? ??
- ?? ? ???? ?? (GHS)
| ??? ?? | T,N,T+ | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| ?? ???? ?? | 45-46-60-61-25-26-48/23/25-51/53-50/53-48/20/22-23-22 | ||
| ????? | 53-45-61-60-36/37-28 | ||
| ????(UN No.) | UN 3082 9/PG 3 | ||
| WGK ?? | 3 | ||
| RTECS ?? | EV0175000 | ||
| F ?????? | 3-9-23 | ||
| TSCA | TSCA listed | ||
| ?? ?? | 6.1 | ||
| ???? | III | ||
| HS ?? | 28273985 | ||
| ???? ??? | 6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 very toxic hazardous materials |
||
| Hazard Classifications | Acute Tox. 2 Inhalation Acute Tox. 3 Oral Aquatic Acute 1 Aquatic Chronic 1 Carc. 1B Muta. 1B Repr. 1B STOT RE 1 |
||
| ?? ?? ??? | 10108-64-2(Hazardous Substances Data) | ||
| ?? | LD50 orally in rats: 88 mg/kg (Nriagu) | ||
| ???? ?? | KE-04401 | ||
| ?????? ??? | 97-1-250 | ||
| ?????? ??? | ??2-180 | ||
| ?, ??????? ??? | 91 | ||
| ?? ? ???? | ????: ????; ???(??)????: ?????? ? ?? 25% ?? ??? ???. ??, ?????(Cadmium chloride), ?????(cadmium carbonate), ????????(cadmium fluoroborate), ?????(cadmium nitrate), ?????(cadmium oxide), ?????(cadmium sulfate), ?????(cadmium sulfide)? ?? ? ? ??? 0.1% ?? ??? ??? |
????? C??? ??, ??, ??
??
Cadmium chloride is a colourless and odourless crystal. It is used for the preparation of cadmium sulphide, used as ‘cadmium yellow’, a brilliant-yellow pigment, which is stable to heat and sulphide fumes. Cadmium chloride has a high solubility in water and is a non-combustible solid, but the dust can be a moderate fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame or when reacted with oxidising agents. It is incompatible with bromine trifluoride, potassium oxidisers, zinc, selenium, tellurium, and hydrogen azide.??? ??
Cadmium chloride is a colorless, odorless, crystalline solid, or powder.??? ??
Colorless powder or crystal; hexagonal crystal system; hygroscopic; density 4.047 g/cm3; melts at 560°C; vaporizes at 960°C; highly soluble in water (140 g/100g at 20°C), also soluble in acetone; slightly soluble in alcohol; insoluble in ether.??
Cadmium Chloride is used in the preparation of the stable inorganic pigment cadmium sulfide (Cadmium Yellow). Cadmium Chloride treatment of thin film CDTe solar cells is used to produce high-efficienc y solar cells.. Cadmium Chloride is also used in the preparation of organocadmium compounds.?? ??
Cadmium chloride may be prepared by heating the metal with chlorine or hydrogen chloride gas. In the solution, it is formed by treating the metal or its salts, such as oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, or sulfide with hydrochloric acid:Cd + 2HCl → CdCl2 + H2
CdO + 2HCl → CdCl2 + H2O
CdCO3 + 2HCl → CdCl2+ H2O + CO2
The solution is evaporated and crystallized to yield a hydrated salt. The hydrated salt yields anhydrous cadmium chloride upon heating under hydrogen chloride or when refluxed with thionyl chloride.
Cadmium chloride also may be prepared by adding dry cadmium acetate to acetyl chloride in glacial acetic acid.
?? ??
Cadmium chloride is manufactured in reaction of cadmium metal, carbonate, sulfide, oxide, or hydroxide with hydrochloric acid, followed by evaporation; it forms hydrated salt. Commercial cadmium chloride is amixture of hydrates that approximates to dihydrates. The commercial grade available in the United States typically contains about 51% of cadmium. Liquid caddy contains 20.1% cadmium chloride.?? ??
Cadmium chloride is a white crystalline solid. Cadmium chloride is soluble in water. Cadmium chloride is noncombustible. The primary hazard of Cadmium chloride is that Cadmium chloride poses a threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. Cadmium chloride is used in photography, in fabric printing, in chemical analysis, and in many other uses.??? ?? ??
Water soluble.?? ???
Bromine trifluoride rapidly attacks the following salts: barium chloride, Cadmium chloride , calcium chloride, cesium chloride, lithium chloride, silver chloride, rubidium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium chloride, potassium iodide, rhodium tetrabromide, sodium bromide, sodium chloride, and sodium iodide [Mellor 2 Supp. 1:164, 165 1956].????
Ingestion causes gastroenteric distress, pain, and prostration. Sensory disturbances, liver injury, and convulsions have been observed in severe intoxications.????
Literature sources indicate that Cadmium chloride is nonflammable.Safety Profile
Confirmed human carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic data. Poison by ingestion, inhalation, skin contact, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, intravenous, and possibly other routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion: blood pressure, acute pulmonary edema, hypermotility, diarrhea. Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. Reacts violently with BrF3 and K. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Cd and Cl-. See also CADMIUM COMPOUNDS and CHLORIDES.??? ??
Cadmium chloride is used in dyeing and printing of fabrics; in electronic component manufacture; in photography; used as a pesticide and in nonpasture turf fungicides.?? ??
UN2570 Cadmium compounds, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required.Purification Methods
Crystallise it from water (1mL/g) by addition of EtOH and cooling. [Pray Inorg Synth V 153 1957, Wagenknecht & Juza in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol II p 1093 1965.]? ???
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, sulfur, selenium, potassium.??? ??
It is preferred to convert the salt to the nitrate, precipitate it with H2S, filter, wash and dry the precipitate and return it to the supplier.????? ?? ?? ? ???
???
?? ??
????? ?? ??
???( 234)?? ??
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