DEFOLIANTS Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
Landwirtschaftliche Anwendung
Defoliants are substances that induce defoliation of leaves to facilitate harvesting. Defoliation is stripping of leaves from plants, especially by use of chemical sprays.
Defoliants are used in harvesting American cotton. They are used to a lesser extent in soybean, vines and tomato cultivation, and for destroying potato foliage.
Desiccants induce shedding of leaves by accelerating drying of different parts of the plant. Hygroscopic substances, like activated alumina, calcium chloride and silica gel are called desiccants. These absorb water vapor from air and are used to maintain a dry atmosphere in containers, while packaging and transporting food materials.
Defoliants and desiccants are both harvesting aids and are also used as herbicides. They may be organic or inorganic. Many are toxic. 2, 4-D, 2, 4, 5-T, sodium chlorate, dimethylarsenic acid and arsenic acid are examples of defoliants, while paraquat, diquat and endothal are examples of desiccants.
The following are some other harvesting aids: (i) Buminafos is used as a defoliant in potato and cotton. (ii) Dimethipin is a defoliant for cotton plants and a desiccant for potato and vines. (iii) Merphos is a defoliant in cotton. (iv) Thidiazuron is a substituted urea with cytokinin activity used to defoliate cotton. (v) Wibufos is a very effective defoliant for cotton. In the USA about half the cotton plantations are treated with organophorus defoliants 1 to 2 weeks before harvesting. Dimethipin enhances the maturation process and reduces seed moisture in the harvesting of rice, rape seed, flax and sunflower.
Defoliants and desiccants have also been used in war to destroy vegetation.
DEFOLIANTS Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
