2-Methyl-2-butendis?ure, (Z)- Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
R-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
R22:Gesundheitssch?dlich beim Verschlucken.
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
S37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
Chemische Eigenschaften
white to light beige crystalline powder
Verwenden
Citraconic acid is used in synthetic or copolymer oils,
in treating metals for adhesion of polyolefins, and in
thermoplastics.
Biologische Aktivit?t
Citraconic acid is a compound with multiple biological activities that can mitigate oxidative damage and activate the Nrf2 pathway [1]. Furthermore, it exerts a protective effect against radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII). Studies have shown that treatment with citraconic acid suppresses the radiation-induced elevation of IL-6 and TNF-α levels. It increased the number of Ki67-positive and Lgr5-positive cells, increased the number of goblet cells and mucus secretion, and restored the expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin, thereby improving histological damage [2]. It also plays a role in alleviating endometrial fibrosis, offering a new approach for the treatment of endometriosis [3].
Synthese
Citraconic acid can be obtained by reacting citraconic anhydride with distilled water, yielding a 94% yield. The specific reaction steps are as follows:
(1) Take a clean 100-millilitre beaker and add 22.4 g (0.2 mol) of citraconic anhydride. Then, add 4 ml (0.22 moles) of distilled water dropwise to the beaker.
(2) Place the mixture on a hotplate and stir until a homogeneous solution is formed.
(3) Cover the beaker with a bell-shaped glass lid, then leave it to stand at room temperature for 48 hours. The mixture will solidify completely. This yields 26 g of crude solid.
(4) Purification: Grind the solid obtained in (3) to a very fine powder in a mortar, wash with 50 ml of cold benzene, allow to air-dry, and then vacuum-dry for 24 hours in a vacuum desiccator containing phosphorus pentoxide. This yields 24.4 g of citraconic acid, with a melting point of 92–93 °C.
l?uterung methode
Steam distil and crystallise it from EtOH/ligroin. [Beilstein 2 H 768, 2 I 309, 2 II 652, 2 III 1938, 2 IV 2230.]
2-Methyl-2-butendis?ure, (Z)- Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
