β-プロピオラクトン 化學(xué)特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色?ほとんど無色, 澄明の液體
溶解性
エタノール及びアセトンに極めて溶けやすく、水に溶けやすい。
用途
有機合成原料、繊維改質(zhì)剤?殺菌消毒剤。
用途
醫(yī)薬品、有機合成(アクリル酸及びアクリレート)、繊維改質(zhì)剤、殺菌消毒剤
効能
殺菌消毒薬
説明
Beta-propiolactone is a colorless liquid with a strong, slightly
sweet odor. It may occur naturally, but no clear documentation
of its occurrence in nature was found, and it must be synthesized
for commercial purposes. Beta-propiolactone is unstable
at room temperature but stable when stored at 5 ℃ in glass
containers.
Its tendency to be unstable and react with other molecules in
the vicinity is responsible for both its toxicity and its usefulness.
Significant commercial production of beta-propiolactone took
place during the late 1950s through the mid-1970s, when it was
widely used in chemical synthesis in reactions with other
molecules to produce new chemicals. All lactones are characterized
by a ring structure consisting of two or more carbon
atoms – as can be seen from its structure, beta-propiolactone
has three in its ring – and a single oxygen, coupled with an
adjacent ketone. The fewer the carbons in the ring, the more
‘strained’ is the ring structure and the more unstable and reactive
its characteristics. When the ring bonds break, the betapropiolactone
molecules attach to other nearby molecules.
化學(xué)的特性
β-Propiolactone is a colorless liquid which slowly hydrolyzes to hydracrylic acid and must be cooled to remain stable. It reacts with alcohols, acid chlorides, ammonia, and water to yield β-substituted propionic acid derivatives. The most important characteristic of the substance is its ability to polymerize. This highly exothermic process occurs simply by warming, although it is also catalyzed by both acid and base.
物理的性質(zhì)
β-Propiolactone is a colorless, highly reactive liquid,thatis solublein water, alcohol, acetone, and chloroform (solubilityinwaterat 25℃, 37 vol %).
使用
Reacts with bacteriphage DNA causing inactivation, repair and recombination
一般的な説明
A colorless liquid with a slightly sweetish, pungent odor. Used as an intermediate in organic synthesis; disinfectant, sterilant for blood plasma, tissue grafts, vaccines, enzymes and surgical instruments.
空気と水の反応
Slow reaction with water to form beta- hydroxypropionic acid.
反応プロフィール
2-Oxetanone is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. 2-Oxetanone may be incompatible with alkalis.
危険性
Strong skin and upper respiratory tract irri-
tant, skin cancer. Possible carcinogen. Worker expo-
sure should be minimized.
健康ハザード
The toxicity potential of 2-Oxetanone via inhalation or ingestion is high; may cause death or permanent injury after very short exposures to small quantities. It is a carcinogen.
火災(zāi)危険
Containers may explode. When heated to decomposition, 2-Oxetanone emits acrid smoke and fumes. Stable when stored at 41F. Avoid storing in areas of exposure to the direct rays of the sun and in areas of high fire hazard. Tends to polymerize on storage. Avoid elevated temperatures.
安全性プロファイル
Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental carcinogenic,
neoplastigenic, and tumorigenic data. Poison
by inhalation. Moderately toxic by
intraperitoneal route. An initiator. Human mutation data reported. When heated to
decomposition it emits acrid smoke and
irritating fumes.
職業(yè)ばく露
β-Propiolactone is used as a chemical
intermediate in synthesis of acrylic acid and esters, acrylate
plastics; as a vapor sterilizing agent; phase disinfectant;
and a viricidal agent.
発がん性
β-Propiolactone is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogenbased on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.
環(huán)境運命予測
Chemical/Physical. Slowly hydrolyzes to hydracrylic acid (Windholz et al., 1983). In a reactor
heated to 250 °C and a pressure of 12 mmHg, β-propiolactone decomposed to give equal amounts
of ethylene and carbon dioxide (James and Wellington, 1969).
輸送方法
UN3382 Toxic by inhalation liquid, n.o.s. with
an LC 50 ≤1000 mL/m 3 and saturated vapor concentration
≥10 LC 50 , Hazard class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1 Technical
Name Required, Inhalation Hazard Zone B. UN2810 Toxic
liquids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels:
6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required.
純化方法
Fractionally distil the lactone from sodium under reduced pressure. It gives an acidic solution in H2O. It irritates the skin and is a possib
不和合性
Reacts with water, causing decomposi-
tion and forming 3-hydroxypropionic acid (CAS: 503-66-
3), an irritant. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explo-
sions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Incompatible with acet-
ates, halogens, thiocyanates, thiosulfates, strong oxidizers;
strong bases. Forms explosive mixture with air above 75℃.
May polymerize upon storage or due to warming. Stable if
kept under refrigeration @ 5 to 10 ℃/40 to 50 ℃.
廃棄物の処理
Dissolve or mix the material
with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinera-
tor equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal,
state, and local environmental regulations must be
observed.
β-プロピオラクトン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準(zhǔn)備製品