酸化ほう素 化學特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色?褐色, 結(jié)晶性粉末?粉末
溶解性
水に可溶 (2.8g/100ml, 20℃), エタノールに可溶。
解説
酸化ホウ素(Ⅲ)：B2O3(69.62)．無水ホウ酸，三酸化二ホウ素ともいう．オルトホウ酸を赤熱すると無色のガラス狀のものが得られる．密度1.84 g cm－3．融點577 ℃，沸點1500 ℃ 以上．水に溶けてメタホウ酸を経てオルトホウ酸を生じる．両性酸化物で，硫酸，リン酸に溶けてB(HSO4)3，BPO4を生じるが，加水分解するとB2O3を沈殿する．フッ素とは常溫で反応してBF3と O2 とを生じるが，ほかのハロゲンとは反応しない．アルカリ金屬，マグネシウム，アルミニウムなどで還元される．ギ酸ナトリウムと加熱しても，ホウ素に還元される．炭素では赤熱しても還元されない．耐熱ガラス，光學ガラス，窯業(yè)材料，顔料，電子セラミックスなどの原料として用いられる．
用途
ほう素化合物及びガラス加工品原料
用途
吹管分析、ガラス及びセラミック等の原料、無機合成原料、觸媒。
用途
ガラス、ガラスファイバ、フリット、セラミック、難燃剤、觸媒、産業(yè)用オイル、殺生物剤、殺蟲剤
用途
発光ダイオード素材?ホウ素化合物原料、ケイ素塩化學分析試薬
応用
ガラス製造ホウ酸酸化物は耐熱ガラスや光學ガラスの製造に重要な役割を擔いますセラミックセラミックの質(zhì)感を向上させるためにホウ酸酸化物が添加されることがあります醫(yī)薬品ホウ酸酸化物は一部の薬剤の製造過程で使用されることがありその安全性が求められます
化學的特性
ビョウウサンホウ素酸BoricAcid酸化物とは一般的にホウ酸ホウ素およびその他の要素から構(gòu)成される化合物のグループですこれらの化合物はホウ素が酸素と結(jié)びつくことで構(gòu)成される酸化物であり工業(yè)や科學研究において多岐にわたる用途があります
化學的特性
Boron oxide is a noncombustible, colorless, semitransparent lumps or hard, white, odorless crystals, with slightly bitter taste.
物理的性質(zhì)
Colorless glassy solid or vitreous crystal; hexagonal crystal system; slightly bitter taste; hygroscopic; density 2.55 g/cm
3; melts at 450°C; vaporizes at 1,500°C; slightly soluble in cold water (3.3%), soluble in alcohol and boiling water (20%).
使用
Boron oxide was used as the intermediate glass layer at a bonding temperature of 450°C. In preparation of fluxes; component of enamels and glass; catalyst in organic reaction.
In metallurgy; in analysis of silicates to determine SiO2 and alkalies; in blowpipe analysis.
主な応用
Electronics Industry: Boron trioxide is one of the key materials in the manufacture of semiconductors and liquid crystal displays (LCDs). It serves as a dopant, helping to regulate the electrical conductivity of silicon wafers. Furthermore, it is utilised in the production of optical fibres, ensuring stable and efficient signal transmission.
Glass and Ceramics Industry: In glass production, boron trioxide significantly enhances thermal resistance and chemical stability. For instance, laboratory-grade heat-resistant glass (such as Pyrex) contains boron trioxide. Within the ceramics sector, it lowers the melting point of glazes, thereby improving ceramic strength and lustre.
Flame Retardants: Boron trioxide serves as a key component in numerous flame retardants. It forms protective layers at elevated temperatures to inhibit flame propagation, finding extensive application in building materials, textiles, and plastic products.
Nuclear Industry: Within nuclear reactors, boron trioxide functions as a neutron absorber, aiding in the regulation of nuclear reaction rates to ensure safe reactor operation.
製造方法
Boric oxide is produced by treating borax with sulfuric acid in a fusion furnace. At temperatures above 750°C, the molten boric acid layer separates out from sodium sulfate. It then is decanted, cooled, and obtained in 96-97% purity. Boric acid above 99% purity may be obtained by fusing granular material.
Boric oxide may be prepared by heating boric acid.
2B(OH)
3 → B2O
3 + 3H
2O
調(diào)製方法
Boric oxide is produced by thermal fusion of boric acid,
forming a clear transparent glass-like solid that is subsequently
ground into white vitreous granules. It is used
principally in the manufacture of glass and vitreous
products.
一般的な説明
Colorless, semi-transparent glassy lumps or hard white odorless crystals. Mp 450°C; bp: 1860°C. Density: 2.46 g cm-3. Moderately soluble in water. Used as an insecticide; as the starting material for the synthesis of other boron compounds; as a fluxing agent in enamels and glasses; and in mixture with 2-6% boron nitride, as a bonding agent in the hot isostatic pressing of boron nitride ceramics.
反応プロフィール
Boron oxide is non-combustible. Of generally low chemical reactivity. Reacts exothermically but slowly with water to form boric acid, a weak acid. Reacts exothermically with strong bases. May react with strong reducing agents such as metal hydrides, metal alkyls to generate flammable or explosive gases. May react violently on contact with bromine pentafluoride. Corrosive to metals in the presence of air.
危険性
Eye and upper respiratory tract irritant.
健康ハザード
Boron oxide is an eye and respiratory irritant. In 113 workers exposed to boron oxide and boric acid dusts, there were statistically significant increases in symptoms of eye irrita- tion; dryness of the mouth, nose, and throat; sore throat; and productive cough compared with controls. The mean exposure level was 4.1mg/m3 , with a range of 1.2–8.5mg/m3 . Exposures may occasionally have exceeded 10 mg/m3 . Because of mixed exposures, the study does not indicate whether boron oxide or boric acid dust is more important in causing symp- toms, nor does it indicate the minimum duration of exposure necessary to produce symptoms.
Excessive absorption of boron oxide may lead to cardiovascular collapse, alterations in temperature regulation, and coma.
化學性質(zhì)
色で，吸濕性のガラス狀固體である。水と反応しやすく，発熱してホウ酸となる。
職業(yè)ばく露
Boron oxide is used in glass manufacture
and the production of other boron compounds. It is
used in fluxes, enamels, drying agents, and as a catalyst.
合成方法
ホウ素の燃焼あるいはホウ酸の脫水で得られる。
輸送方法
UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances,
solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9—Miscellaneous
hazardous material, Technical Name Required.
不和合性
Incompatible with bromine pentafluoride,
calcium oxide. Reacts slowly with water, forming boric acid.
Reacts exothermically with alkaline material and strong
bases. May react with strong reducing agents such as metal
hydrides, metal alkyls to generate flammable or explosive
gases. May react violently on contact with bromine pentafluoride.
Corrosive to metals in the presence of air.
參考文獻
[1] A. MERGEN M. B M H Demirhan. Processing of boric acid from borax by a wet chemical method[J]. Advanced Powder Technology, 2003, 14 3: Pages 279-293. DOI:
10.1163/15685520360685947.
[2] TAKWA E. ELLAKWA. Reviewing and exploring boron oxide’s role in bioactive glasses: a synthesis of modeling and applications[J]. Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society, 2024, 61 2: 719-732. DOI:
10.1007/s41779-024-01103-w.
[3] LU DENG Jincheng D. Development of boron oxide potentials for computer simulations of multicomponent oxide glasses[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2018, 102 5: 2482-2505. DOI:
10.1111/jace.16082.
[4] S. WATANABE. Antimicrobial properties of the products from the reaction of various ahinoalcohols and boric anhydride[J]. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 1988, 19 1: Pages 191-195. DOI:10.1016/0254-0584(88)90011-9.
參考文獻
S.V. Berger, Acta Chem. Scand., 7, 611 (1953), DOI: 10.3891/acta.chem.scand.07-0611.
酸化ほう素 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品