臭素酸カリウム 化學(xué)特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色澄明の液體
解説
KBrO3(167.00)．水酸化カリウムと臭素とを水溶液中で反応させて次亜臭素酸カリウムKBrOをつくり，さらにこの液を煮沸してKBrO3にかえた後に，冷卻して結(jié)晶を析出させる．白色の三方晶系のイオン結(jié)晶(または粉末)．三方すい型のBrO3－を含む．Br-O1.64 ?．∠O-Br-O106°．密度3.27 g cm－3．臭素酸カリウムは，強(qiáng)熱すると，370 ℃ 以上で O2 を発生して分解する．2KBrO3 → 2KBr ＋ 3O2強(qiáng)い酸化剤．固體に炭素や硫黃などの酸化されやすい物質(zhì)をまぜたものは加熱すると爆発する．小麥粉の漂白?改質(zhì)剤，分析試薬(臭素化滴定用や，酸化還元滴定の標(biāo)準(zhǔn)物質(zhì))などに用いられる．有毒．森北出版「化學(xué)辭典（第2版）
用途
酸化還元滴定。
用途
食品添加物(小麥粉品質(zhì)改良剤,魚肉製品添加剤),分析試薬
製造法
臭素酸のカリウム塩。水酸化カリウムの熱溶液に臭素を溶解すると、次の反応によって生成する。
6KOH＋3Br2 ―→KBrO3＋5KBr＋3H2O
冷卻して、分別結(jié)晶により副生した臭化カリウムを分離する。無色の結(jié)晶で、融點以上で酸素と臭化カリウムとに分解する。水に溶けるが、エタノール（エチルアルコール）には溶けにくい。強(qiáng)力な酸化剤で、分析試薬として重要である。すなわち、その水溶液は臭素酸塩滴定、臭素化滴定の標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液となるほか、チオ硫酸塩溶液の標(biāo)定にも用いられる。［鳥居泰男］
化學(xué)的特性
Potassium bromate is a white crystalline solid.
使用
Potassium Bromate is a dough conditioner that exists as white
crystals or powder and is soluble in water. it exists in the anhydrous
form as white granular powder and in the hydrated form as small
white crystals or granules. it is used to age and improve the baking
properties of flour. it is used with potassium iodate and azodicarbon-
amide to modify the protein in bread flour to promote the desired
properties of loaf volume and shape. it is used in baked goods.
一般的な説明
A white crystalline solid.
空気と水の反応
Water soluble.
反応プロフィール
Potassium bromate is a strong oxidizing agent. Forms very flammable mixtures with combustible materials. Such mixtures may be explosive if the combustible material is finely divided and are often ignitable by friction. A mixture with finely divided aluminum can explode by heat, percussion, and friction [Mellor 2:310. 1946-47]. Reacts explosively with selenium [Mellor 2 Supp1:763. 1956]. Prolonged exposure to fire or heat can result in an explosion .
危険性
Dangerous fire risk in contact with organic
materials, strong irritant. Possible carcinogen.
健康ハザード
Inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
火災(zāi)危険
These substances will accelerate burning when involved in a fire. Some may decompose explosively when heated or involved in a fire. May explode from heat or contamination. Some will react explosively with hydrocarbons (fuels). May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard.
安全性プロファイル
Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental carcinogenic data. A
poison by ingestion. A powerful oxidzer.
An irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous
membranes. Mutation data reported.
Wxtures with sulfur may ignite. Violent
reaction with Al, Al + dmitrotoluene @
290°, As, C, Cu, Pb(C2H3O2)2, metal
sulfides, organic matter, P, S. Aqueous
solutions react violently with selenium.
When heated to decomposition it emits very
toxic fumes of Brand K2O. See also
BROMIDES.
職業(yè)ばく露
Potassium bromate is used as animal feed additive, food additive; flavor and packaging material; as a laboratory reagent; an oxidizing agent.
輸送方法
UN1479 Potassium bromate, Hazard Class: 5.1; Labels: 5.1-Oxidizer.
純化方法
Crystallise KBrO3 from distilled H2O (2mL/g) between 100o and 0o. To remove bromide contamination, a 5% solution in distilled H2O, cooled to 10o, is bubbled with gaseous chlorine for 2hours, then filtered and extracted with reagent grade CCl4 until colourless and odourless. After evaporating the aqueous phase to about half its volume, it is cooled again slowly to about 10o. The crystalline KBrO3 that separates, is washed with 95% EtOH and dried in a vacuum [Boyd et al. J Am Chem Soc 74 237 1952]. Another way to remove Br-ions is by stirring several times in MeOH and then drying at 150o [Field & Boyd J Phys Chem 89 3767 1985].
不和合性
A strong oxidizer.Violent reaction with many compounds, including reducing agents; chemically active metals; combustible materials, strong acids, alkaline earth sulfides, aluminum carbides, aluminum, amines, calcium sulfide, carbides, chlorine trifluoride, glycerin, hydrides, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydroxylamine, magnesium, metal powders, metal sulfides, molybdenum, phenylhydrazine, phosphorous red/ friction, phosphorous trichloride, silicon, sulfides, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, sulfur/friction, sulfuric acid, tungsten, hydrogen trisulfide. Incompatible with aluminum, copper.
臭素酸カリウム 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準(zhǔn)備製品