3-アミノ-1,2,4-トリアゾール 化學(xué)特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色, 結(jié)晶?結(jié)晶性粉末
溶解性
水及び熱エタノールに溶けやすく、アセトンにほとんど溶けない。水280g/l(23℃), 530g/l(53℃)。エタノール26g/100g(75℃)。メタノール, クロロホルム, ジクロロメタン, アセトニトリルに溶ける。酢酸エチルにわずかに溶ける。ジエチルエーテル,アセトン, 非極性溶媒にほとんど溶けない。
用途
アミトロール試験用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品。
用途
非選択性除草剤、綿花の枯葉剤、非食用の穀物に利用
農(nóng)薬用途
除草剤
使用
catalase inhibitor
定義
A powerful plant growth
suppressant and cotton defoliant that is readily
absorbed by leaves and roots. 3-Amino-1,2,4-Triazole inhibits many
aspects of growth and differentiation including cell
division in the primary root meristems in some
plants.
調(diào)製方法
3-Amino-1,2,4-Triazole（Amitrole） is synthesized by condensing formic acid with
aminoguanidine and can be purified by recrystallization
from methanol.
一般的な説明
Odorless white crystals or white powder. Bitter taste. Melting point 147-159°C. Sublimes undecomposed at reduced pressure. Used as a post-emergence herbicide.
空気と水の反応
Water soluble. Aqueous solutions are neutral. Dust may form an explosive mixture in air.
反応プロフィール
3-Amino-1,2,4-Triazole is a triazole derivative. The triazoles are a group that contain several derivatives that are highly explosive materials. They are sensitive to heat, friction, and impact. Sensitivity varies with the type substitution to the triazole ring. Metal chelated and halogen substitution of the triazol ring make for a particularly heat sensitive material. Azido and nitro derivatives have been employed as high explosives. No matter the derivative these materials should be treated as explosives. It forms chelates with some metals. 3-Amino-1,2,4-Triazole is corrosive to iron, copper and aluminum. Forms salts with most acids and alkalis. It is incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, acid chlorides and acid anhydrides .
危険性
Toxic; carcinogen.
健康ハザード
Amitrole (3-Amino-1,2,4-Triazole) has low acute toxicity;
in experimental animal studies subchronic
exposures were associated with changes in the
thyroid and chronic exposures were
carcinogenic.
Intentional ingestion of a mixture that contained
20 mg/kg amitrole did not cause any
signs of intoxication.1 In one reported case
study, inhalation of a large amount of amitrolecontaining
herbicide was associated with acute
toxic reaction of the lungs.2 Lung injury was
thought to be secondary to direct toxic damage
to the alveolar lining cells. The remarkable lack
of any other reports describing pulmonary toxicity
of this herbicide was noted, in addition to
the presence of other chemicals in the herbicide
solution.
火災(zāi)危険
Literature sources indicate that Triazol-3-amine is non-combustible.
作用機(jī)制
カロテノイド生合成における初期段階を間接的に阻害する
農(nóng)業(yè)用途
3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole is a non-food use herbicide for control of grasses, woody plants and broad-leaf weeds on hard surface and in areas where crops are not normally grown. It enters plant circulation through roots and is majorly present in the meristem. 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole inhibits chlorophyll synthesis resulting in chlorotic leaves and albino plants. In addition, it also affects the growth of the plants. It is exploited to destroy unwanted weeds.
製品名
AMITRIL®; ATLAZIN®; ATLAZINE®
FLOWABLE; AT®; 3-AT®; AT-90®; ATRAFLOW PLUS®;
AZAPLANT®; AZAPLANT KOMBI®; AZOLAN®;
AZOLE®; BOROFLOW® A/ATA; CAMPAPRIM® A
1544; CDA SIMFLOW PLUS®; CHIPMAN® PATH;
CYTROLE®; DIUROL® AMITROLE; DOMATOL®;
ELMASIL®; EMISOL®; FARMCO®; HERBAZIN PLUS
SC®; HERBICIDE® TOTAL; MASCOT HIGHWAY®;
MSS AMINOTRIAZOLE®; MSS SIMAZINE®;
ORGA-414®; RADOXONE® TL; RAMIZOL®;
RASSAPRON®; SIMAZOL®; SIMFLOW PLUS®;
SOLUTION CNCENTREE T271®; SYNCHEMICALS®
TOTAL WEED KILLER; SYNTOX®; TORAPRON®;
VOROX®; WEEDAR®; WEEDAZIN®; WEEDAZOL TL
®; WEEDOCLOR®
安全性プロファイル
Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic, tumorigenic, and neoplastigenic data. Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by ingestion. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx,. An herbicide and plant growth regulator
職業(yè)ばく露
A potential danger to those involved
in the manufacture, formulation, and application of this
postemergence herbicide, which is now limited to noncrop
applications as a herbicide and plant growth regulator.
Some triazoles have been used as rubber components.
発がん性
Amitrole is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.
環(huán)境運(yùn)命予測
Soil. When radiolabeled amitrole-5-14C was incubated in a Hagerstown silty clay loam,
50 and 70% of the applied amount evolved as 14CO2 after 3 and 20 days, respectively. In
autoclaved soil, however, no 14CO2 was detected. The chemical degradation in soil was
probably via hydroxyl radicals (Kaufman et al., 1968). The average persistence in soils is
2–4 weeks (Hartley and Kidd, 1987)
Plant.Amitrole is transformed in plants to form the conjugate β-(3-amino-1,2,4-triazol-
1-yl)-α-alanine (Humburg et al., 1989) and/or 3-(3-amino-s-triazole-1-yl)-2-aminopropionic acid (Duke et al., 1991). Amitrole is metabolized in Canada thistl
Surface Water. In pond water, adsorption to suspended sediments was an important
process. The initial half-life was reported to be no more than 68 days. After 120 days,
20% of the applied amount remained (Grzenda et al., 1966). The biodegradation
Photolytic. Direct photolysis of amitrole is not expected to occur since the herbicide
shows little or no absorption greater than 295 nm (Gore et al., 1971)
Chemical/Physical. Reacts with acids and bases forming soluble salts (Hartley and
Kidd, 1987). Emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides when heated to decomposition (Sax
and Lewis, 1987); however, incineration with polyethylene results in more than 9
輸送方法
UN2588 Pesticides, solid, toxic, Hazard Class:
6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name
Required. UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances,
solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous
material, Technical Name Required.
純化方法
It crystallises from EtOH (charcoal), then three times from dioxane [Williams et al. J Phys Chem 61 261 1957]. [Beilstein 26 H 137.] Possible carcinogen. [Beilstein 26 H 137, Temple & Montgomery 1,2,4-Triazoles —The Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds Vol 37 (Weissberger & Taylor eds.). Wiley & Sons NY 1981, ISBN 0-471-0656-6.]
不和合性
Dust may be explosive in air. Keep
away from strong oxidizers; strong acids; light and heat
(decomposes). Corrosive to iron, aluminum, and copper.
Sublimes undecomposed at reduced pressure.
廃棄物の処理
Consult with environmental
regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal
practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant
(≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing
storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.
Amitrol is resistant to hydrolysis and the action of oxidizing
agents. Burning the compound with polyethylene is
reported to result in .99% decomposition.
參考文獻(xiàn)
[1] SERGEY M. DESENKO. Cyclecondensation of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole with substituted methyl cinnamates[J]. Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 2009, 36 1: 205-208. DOI:
10.1002/jhet.5570360131.
[2] XIAOTAO LIU . 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole-derived graphitic carbon nitride for photodynamic therapy[J]. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2021, 250: Article 119363. DOI:
10.1016/j.saa.2020.119363.
3-アミノ-1,2,4-トリアゾール 上流と下流の製品情報(bào)
原材料
準(zhǔn)備製品
トラピジル
N-(2H-1,2,4-トリアゾール-5-イル)サリチルアミド
3-クロロ-1H-1,2,4-トリアゾール
1-(TERT-BUTYL)-1H-1,2,4-TRIAZOL-3-AMINE
4H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-amine, 4-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-
7-amino[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile(SALTDATA: FREE)
1-(7-メチル[1,2,4]トリアゾロ[1,5-A]ピリミジン-6-イル)エタノン
1H-1,2,4-Triazole-1-carboxamide,2-amino-N-methyl-(9CI)
7-phenyl-4H,5H-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-5-one