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Treatment of pulmonary hypertension (prostacyclin analogue).

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This more chemically and biologically stable derivativeof prostacyclin is available as a solution (10 μg/mL)for nasal inhalation (Ventavis by Actelion) via a preciselycalibrated inhalation device for the treatment of pulmonaryarterial hypertension (PAH). Patients inhale 6 to 8 puffs ofaerosolized iloprost every 2 to 3 hours to produce a directvasodilatory effect on pulmonary blood vessels, therebydecreasing vascular resistance. Side effects of coughing,flushing, headaches, and jaw pain have been most commonlyreported.

Clinical Use

Iloprost is administered as an inhalation solution of a prostacyclin analog for the treatment of NYHA class III and class IV PAH. The drug also can be administered as an IV infusion. It is stable at room temperature and to light, with a body half-life of 30 minutes. Iloprost has approximately 10 times greater potency than prostacyclin as a vasodilator of the pulmonary blood vessels; this greater potency of inhaled iloprost results from coating of the drug on the alveoli of the lungs.

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Studies have reported minor side effects, such as coughing, headaches, and jaw pain.

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