Source

Rabbit

Reactivity

Human;Mouse

Background

β-catenin is a key downstream effector in the Wnt signaling pathway. It is implicated in two major biological processes in vertebrates: early embryonic development and tumorigenesis. CK1 phosphorylates β-catenin at Ser45. This phosphorylation event primes β-catenin for subsequent phosphorylation by GSK-3β. GSK-3β destabilizes β-catenin by phosphorylating it at Ser33, Ser37, and Thr41. Mutations at these sites result in the stabilization of β-catenin protein levels and have been found in many tumor cell lines.Both Akt and PKA were shown to phosphorylate β-catenin at Ser552. Phosphorylation at Ser552 induces β-catenin accumulation in the nucleus and increases its transcriptional activity.

References

[1] Cadigan, K.M. and Nusse, R. (1997) Genes Dev 11, 3286-3305.
[2] Wodarz, A. and Nusse, R. (1998) Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 14, 59-88.
[3] Polakis, P. (1999) Curr Opin Genet Dev 9, 15-21.
[4] Amit, S. et al. (2002) Genes Dev 16, 1066-76.
[5] Liu, C. et al. (2002) Cell 108, 837-47.
[6] Yanagawa, S. et al. (2002) EMBO J 21, 1733-42.
[7] Yost, C. et al. (1996) Genes Dev 10, 1443-54.
[8] Morin, P.J. et al. (1997) Science 275, 1787-90.
[9] Taurin, S. et al. (2006) J Biol Chem 281, 9971-9976.
[10] Fang, D. et al. (2007) J Biol Chem 282, 11221-11229.

Raw materials

Preparation Products