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Arginine (abbreviated as Arg or R) is an α-amino acid. It was first isolated in 1886 . The L - form is one of the 20 most common natural amino acids. At the level of molecular genetics, in the structure of the messenger ribonucleic acid mRNA, CGU, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, and AGG, are the triplets of nucleotide bases or codons that code for arginine during protein synthesis. In mammals, arginine is classified as a semiessential or conditionally essential amino acid, depending on the developmental stage and health status of the individual. Preterm infants are unable to synthesize or create arginine internally, making the amino acid nutritionally essential for them. There are some conditions that put an increased demand on the body for the synthesis of L-arginine, including surgical or other trauma, sepsis and burns . Arginine was first isolated from a lupin seedling extract in 1886 by the Swiss chemist Ernst Schultze.
In general, most people do not need to take arginine supplements because the body usually produces enough.

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Prisms from water containing two molecules of H2O, anhydrous plates from alcohol solution. Dehydrates at 105C, decomposes at 244C. Sparingly soluble in alcohol; insoluble in ether.

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The amino acid side-chain of arginine consists of a 3-carbon aliphatic straight chain, the distal end of which is capped by a complex guanidinium group.
With a pKa of 12.48, the guanidinium group is positively charged in neutral, acidic and even most basic environments, and thus imparts basic chemical properties to arginine. Because of the conjugation between the double bond and the nitrogen lone pairs, the positive charge is delocalized, enabling the formation of multiple H-bonds.

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arginine is also known as l-arginine. This is an amino acid with antistatic, masking, hair-and skin-conditioning properties.

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An essential amino acid for rats, occurring naturally in the l(+) form. Available as glutamate and hydrochloride.

Biological Functions

Arginine plays an important role in cell division, the healing of wounds, removing ammonia from the body, immune function, and the release of hormones.
The benefits and functions attributed to oral supplementation of L-arginine include:
Precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO)
Reduces healing time of injuries (particularly bone)
Quickens repair time of damaged tissue
Helps decrease blood pressure in clinical hypertensive subjects.

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