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n-Propyl nitrate is a colorless to pale yellow
liquid. Ethereal odor.
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Colorless to light yellow, flammable liquid with an ether-like odor. Odor threshold concentration
is 50 ppm (quoted, Amoore and Hautala, 1983).
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Fuel ignition promoter, in rocket fuel formulations, as organic intermediate.
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A white to straw-colored liquid with an ether-like odor. About the same density as water and insoluble in water. Flash point 70°F. Vapors heavier than air. Used as a fuel. Shock sensitive. The shock sensitivity is removed by addition of 1-2% of propane, butane, chloroform, ethyl ether, or methyl ether.
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Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.
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Organonitrates, such as n-Propyl nitrate, range from slight to strong oxidizing agents. If mixed with reducing agents, including hydrides, sulfides and nitrides, they may begin a vigorous reaction that culminates in a detonation. Nitroalkanes are milder oxidizing agents, but still react violently with reducing agents at higher temperature and pressures. Nitroalkanes react with inorganic bases to form explosive salts. The presence of metal oxides increases the thermal sensitivity of nitroalkanes. Nitroalkanes with more than one nitro group are generally explosive. Contact with either strong oxidizers or with combustibles may cause fires and explosions.
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Flammable, severe fire and explosion risk,
strong oxidizing material, explosive limits in air 2–
100%. Nausea and headache.
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Exposure can cause anoxia and cyanosis. Other effects are weakness, dizziness, and severe headaches.
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Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic gases and vapors, such as oxides of nitrogen and carbon monoxide, may be released in a fire.
Safety Profile
Poison by intravenous
route. Inhalation can cause hypotension and
methemoglobinemia. Dangerous fire hazard
when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers.
Explosive in the form of vapor when
exposed to heat or flame. A shock-sensitive
explosive. It can be desensitized by the
addition of 1-2% propane, butane,
chloroform, dunethyl ether, or dithyl ether.
When heated to decomposition it emits
toxic fumes of NOx. Used as a fuel ignition
promoter, chemical intermediate, and in the
manufacture of rocket fuels. See also
NITRATES and ESTERS.
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Propyl nitrate has been used as an
intermediate as a rocket propellant and as an ignition
improver in diesel fuels.
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UN1865 n-Propyl nitrate, Hazard Class: 3;
Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.
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Vapor may form explosive mixture with
air. Reacts with reducing agents, combustible materials;
may be violent. A shock-sensitive explosive. The shock
sensitivity is removed by addition of 1%2% of propane,
butane, chloroform, ethyl ether, or methyl ether . May
explode on heating. Forms explosive mixtures with com-
bustible materials. This material is an organonitrate. They
can range from slight to strong oxidizing agents. If mixed
with reducing agents, including hydrides, sulfides, and
nitrides, they may begin a vigorous reaction that culminates
in a detonation. Nitroalkanes are milder oxidizing agents,
but still react violently with reducing agents at higher tem-
perature and pressures. Nitroalkanes react with inorganic
bases to form explosive salts. The presence of metal oxides
increases the thermal sensitivity of nitroalkanes.
Nitroalkanes with more than one nitro group are generally
explosive. Contact with either strong oxidizers or with
combustibles may cause fires and explosions .
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Incineration: large quantities
of material may require nitrogen oxide removal by catalytic
or scrubbing processes . An alternative route suggested
involves pouring over soda ash, neutralizing with HCl and
flushing to the drain with water.
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