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複素環(huán)式化合物

複素環(huán)式化合物は炭素原子と非炭素原子により構(gòu)成される環(huán)狀構(gòu)造の化合物である。これらの非炭素原子はヘテロ原子と総稱され，一般的なヘテロ原子は窒素、酸素、硫黃等である。前述したラクトン、ラクタム、環(huán)狀エーテル等の化合物はいずれも複素環(huán)式化合物であり，しかしこれらの化合物の性質(zhì)は同じ種類の鎖式化合物と類似するため，いずれも対応する章節(jié)に組み込んで説明する。本章は主に環(huán)構(gòu)造が穏やかで、ある程度の芳香族性を有する複素環(huán)式化合物，即ち芳香族複素環(huán)式化合物を説明する。複素環(huán)式化合物は種類が膨大であり，數(shù)量が多く，自然界に広く分布しており，多くの天然の複素環(huán)式化合物は動物、植物の體內(nèi)で重要な生理學(xué)的作用を果たす。例えば：植物內(nèi)のクロロフィル、動物の血中ヘモグロビン、漢方薬中の有効成分のアルカロイドと一部の配糖體、一部の抗生物質(zhì)とビタミン、タンパク質(zhì)のあるアミノ酸とヌクレオチドを構(gòu)成する塩基等はいずれも複素環(huán)構(gòu)造を含有する。従來の薬物中で、複素環(huán)構(gòu)造を含有するものは約半分を占める。そのため，複素環(huán)式化合物は有機(jī)化合物（特に有機(jī)薬物）中で重要な地位を占める。複素環(huán)式化合物中で五員、六員複素環(huán)及びそれらの縮合複素環(huán)化合物は最も普及しており，かつ最も重要である。そのため環(huán)のサイズによって，複素環(huán)式化合物は五員複素環(huán)及び六員複素環(huán)という二つの種類に分けられる。例えば上記フラン、チオフェン、ピロール、オキサゾール、イミダゾール及びそれらの縮合複素環(huán)化合物のインドール、ベンゾイミダゾール、ジベンゾフラン等はいずれも五員複素環(huán)式化合物であり，それに対してピリジン、ピリミジン及びそれらの縮合複素環(huán)化合物のキノリン、キナゾリン等はいずれも六員複素環(huán)式化合物である。各五員複素環(huán)式化合物と六員複素環(huán)式化合物中で，環(huán)構(gòu)造中のヘテロ原子の數(shù)量によって，また一つのヘテロ原子を含有する複素環(huán)及び二つ又はそれ以上のヘテロ原子を含有する複素環(huán)に分けられる。例えばフラン、チオフェン、ピリジン、インドール、キノリン、ジベンゾフラン等は一つのヘテロ原子を含有する複素環(huán)式化合物である；イミダゾール、ピリミジン、ベンゾイミダゾール、キナゾリン等は二つのヘテロ原子を含有する複素環(huán)式化合物である；それに対してプリンは二つ以上のヘテロ原子を含有するため，即ち複數(shù)のヘテロ原子を含有する複素環(huán)式化合物である。分子中の環(huán)構(gòu)造の形式によって，複素環(huán)式化合物はさらに複素単環(huán)及び縮合複素環(huán)という二つの種類に分けられる。例えばフラン、ピリジン、ピリミジン、イミダゾール等はいずれも複素単環(huán)式化合物であり，インドール、キノリン、ジベンゾフラン、プリン等は縮合複素環(huán)式化合物である。

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Chemical Name	CAS	MF
2-(1,3-dioxan-5-yl)-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine	2241866-31-7	C15H22BNO4
3-Bromo-6-(6'-chloro-2'-pyridyl)pyridazine	1185316-31-7
2-(1,3-dioxan-5-yl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine	2241866-39-5	C16H21BF3NO4
2-(4-Bromo-2-thiazolyl)-6-chloropyridine	1185316-67-9	C8H4BrClN2S
3,5-Dibromo-2-(cyclobutoxy)pyridine	1289110-72-0	C9H9Br2NO
6-Chloro-2-(5'-aminomethyl-2'-pyridyl)pyrazine	1185318-94-8	C10H9ClN4
tert-Butyl 3-(2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl)pyrrolodine-1-carboxylate	2223009-95-6	C21H30BF3N2O4
4-(sec-Butyl)-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine	2223006-61-7	C16H23BF3NO2
4-Cyclohexyl-2-fluoro-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine	2223047-11-6	C17H25BFNO2
2,6'-Dichloro-4-(2'-pyrazinyl)pyrimidine	1185319-88-3	C8H4Cl2N4
4-(Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine	2223037-22-5	C17H23BF3NO3
2,6,6'-Trichloro-4-(2'-pyrazinyl)pyrimidine	1185315-93-8	C8H3Cl3N4
4-Amino-6-cyclopropyl-6'-cyano-2,2'-bipyridine	1185316-28-2	C14H12N4
4-Methoxycarbonyl-6'-cyano-2,2'-bipyridine	1185313-69-2	C13H9N3O2
2-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)pyridine	2223012-51-7	C14H18BN3O2
4-Bromo-2-(6'-cyano-2'-pyridyl)thiazole	1185317-84-3	C9H4BrN3S
3-Amino-6-(6'-cyano-2'-pyridyl)pyridazine	1185317-82-1	C10H7N5
1-(2-Fluoro-4-pyridyl)-1H-imidazole-4-boronic acid pinacol ester	1402166-15-7	C14H17BFN3O2
1-(5-Methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-1H-imidazole-4-boronic acid pinacol ester	2223013-06-5	C14H19BN4O2
1-(2-Fluoro-4-pyridyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-boronic acid pinacol ester	2223012-62-0	C14H17BFN3O2
1-CYCLOHEXYL-4-(TETRAMETHYL-1,3,2-DIOXABOROLAN-2-YL)-1H-1,2,3-TRIAZOLE	2223030-37-1	C14H24BN3O2
4-Chloro-2-(cyclopropyl)pyrimidine-5-boronic acid pinacol ester	2223027-68-5	C13H18BClN2O2
Pyridine, 5-bromo-3-cyclohexyl-2-methoxy-	2294949-81-6	C12H16BrNO
(Z)-1-phenyl-N-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)thiazol-5-yl)methanimine	2368225-08-3	C16H19BN2O2S
6-(2-Thiazolylamino)pyridine-2-boronic acid pinacol ester	1402174-13-3	C14H18BN3O2S
5-(4-Ethylphenyl)pyridine-2-boronic acid pinacol ester	1402174-66-6	C19H24BNO2
2-(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)thiazole	2222997-31-9	C13H20BNO3S
4-Amino-2-(thiazol-2-yl)pyrimidine-5-boronic acid pinacol ester	2223038-96-6	C13H17BN4O2S
4-Amino-2-(2-aminopropan-2-yl)pyrimidine-5-boronic acid pinacol ester	2223045-34-7	C13H23BN4O2
2-Amino-4-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidine-5-boronic acid pinacol ester	2223011-72-9	C15H19BN4O2
2-Methyl-4-fluoropyrimidine-5-boronic acid pinacol ester	2223037-00-9
2-methyl-6-(oxetan-3-yl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine	2223049-20-3	C15H22BNO3
4-Amino-2-methylthio-6-(6'-cyano-2'-pyridyl)pyrimidine	1185311-95-8	C11H9N5S
2,4-Dichloro-6-(6'-cyano-2'-pyridyl)triazine	1185318-24-4	C9H3Cl2N5
4-Methoxycarbonyl-5'-cyano-2,2'-bipyridine	1185318-72-2	C13H9N3O2
6-Chloro-5-methyl-3-(5'-cyano-2'-pyridyl)pyridazine	1185311-03-8	C11H7ClN4
6-Amino-2-chloro-4-(5'-cyano-2'-pyridyl)pyrimidine	1185313-30-7	C10H6ClN5
6-Chloro-4-amino-5'-cyano-2,2'-bipyridine	1185312-38-2	C11H7ClN4
5-Bromo-2-hydroxy-4-(iso-propyl)pyrimidine	1381938-45-9	C7H9BrN2O
5-Amino-4-(4-tolyl)thiazole	1248226-79-0
5-Amino-4-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)thiazole	1248399-29-2	C10H7F3N2S
5-Bromo-4-(2-pyridyl)-2-aminothiazole	1243839-45-3	C8H6BrN3S
5-Bromo-4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-aminothiazole	1243838-97-2	C10H9BrN2OS
4-Bromo-5-(2-tolyl)thiazole	1264038-61-0	C10H8BrNS
4-Amino-5-(4-tolyl)thiazole	1368615-58-0	C10H10N2S
4-Amino-5-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)thiazole	1374665-05-0	C10H7F3N2S
4-Bromo-5-(3,4-difluorophenyl)thiazole	1264034-92-5	C9H4BrF2NS
2-Chloro-4-(tetrahydrothiophen-3-yl)pyridine	1353855-42-1	C9H10ClNS
4-Amino-5-(3-chlorophenyl)thiazole	1368888-89-4	C9H7ClN2S
5-Amino-4-(5-pyrimidyl)thiazole	1374665-25-4	C7H6N4S
4-Bromo-5-(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)thiazole	1381936-64-6	C7H8BrNOS
2-methyl-6-propylpyridin-4-amine	2460491-38-5	C9H14N2
3-(ethyl-d5)-2-(methyl-d3)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine	2368221-50-3	C14H14BD8NO2
3-cyclopropyl-2-(methyl-d3)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine	2368221-55-8	C15H19BD3NO2
4-Chloro-2-(piperidino)pyrimidine-5-boronic acid pinacol ester	2223053-68-5	C15H23BClN3O2
4-Chloro-2-(3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidine-5-boronic acid pinacol ester	2223046-01-1	C14H18BClN4O2
6-Bromo-6'-acetyl-2,2'-bipyridine	162084-87-9	C12H9BrN2O
6-Cyano-2-(6'-bromo-2'-pyridyl)pyrazine	1185315-58-5	C10H5BrN4
4-Bromo-6-(6'-chloro-2'-pyridyl)pyrimidine	1185311-99-2	C9H5BrClN3
4-Amino-2-methylthio-6-(6'-bromo-2'-pyridyl)pyrimidine	1185308-53-5	C10H9BrN4S
6-Chloro-2-(5'-bromo-2'-pyridyl)pyrazine	1185310-45-5	C9H5BrClN3
6,6'-Dichloro-2-amino-4-(2'-pyrazinyl)pyrimidine	1185315-57-4	C8H5Cl2N5
5-Hydroxy-6'-cyano-2,2'-bipyridine	1185317-50-3	C11H7N3O
4-Bromo-6'-cyano-2,2'-bipyridine	1185311-50-5	C11H6BrN3
6,6'-Dicyano-2-(2'-pyridyl)pyrazine	1185313-82-9	C11H5N5
5-Hydroxy-2-(6'-cyano-2'-pyridyl)pyrazine	1185309-67-4	C10H6N4O
4-Chloro-6-(6'-cyano-2'-pyridyl)pyrimidine	1185314-06-0	C10H5ClN4
4-Chloro-2-methyl-6-(6'-cyano-2'-pyridyl)pyrimidine	1185318-03-9	C11H7ClN4
2-Chloro-4-amino-6-(6'-cyano-2'-pyridyl)pyrimidine	1185318-20-0	C10H6ClN5
4-Bromo-5'-cyano-2,2'-bipyridine	1185309-40-3	C11H6BrN3
4-Hydroxymethyl-5'-cyano-2,2'-bipyridine	1185312-03-1	C12H9N3O
6-Chloro-3-(5'-cyano-2'-pyridyl)pyridazine	1185318-59-5	C10H5ClN4
2-Amino-6-methyl-4-(5'-cyano-2'-pyridyl)pyrimidine	1185318-31-3	C11H9N5
2-(5-(1,4-dioxan-2-yl)furan-2-yl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane	2222996-79-2	C14H21BO5
2-(5-cyclopropyl-2-(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane	2223009-50-3	C19H27BO3
4-(6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyrazin-2-yl)pyrimidine	2223046-59-9	C14H17BN4O2
3-(1,3-dioxan-5-yl)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine	2241866-33-9	C15H22BNO4
2-(1,3-dioxan-5-yl)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)thiazole	2241866-50-0	C13H20BNO4S
4-fluoro-2-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine	2256709-09-6	C15H21BFNO3
4-fluoro-2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine	2256709-14-3	C16H23BFNO3
4-Cyclopentyl-2-fluoro-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine	2223044-87-7	C16H23BFNO2
4-(1,4-dioxan-2-yl)-2-fluoro-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine	2223007-10-9	C15H21BFNO4
2-Fluoro-4-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine	2223005-53-4	C16H23BFNO3
4-Isobutyl-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine	2223037-43-0	C16H23BF3NO2
1-(4-Bromo-2-pyridyl)pyrazole-4-boronic acid pinacol ester	1402233-74-2	C14H17BBrN3O2
2-(methoxy-d3)-3-(methyl-d3)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine-4,6-d2	2368221-72-9	C13H12BD8NO3
2-fluoro-6-(methyl-d3)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine-3,5-d2	2368221-87-6	C12H12BD5FNO2
2-(methoxy-d3)-6-(methyl-d3)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine-3,5-d2	2368221-92-3	C13H12BD8NO3
tert-butyl 4-(6-(methyl-d3)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl-3,5-d2)piperazine-1-carboxylate-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-d8	2364585-60-2	C21H21BD13N3O4
N,N,6-tris(methyl-d3)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine-2-d	2364585-76-0
2-(azetidin-1-yl-d6)-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine-3,4,5-d3	2368222-97-1	C14H12BD9N2O2
1-(5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl-4,6-d2)piperidin-2,2,3,3,4,5,5,6,6-d9-4-ol	2368223-13-4	C15H13BD11N3O3
2-(3-(methoxy-d3)azetidin-1-yl-2,2,3,4,4-d5)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine	2368223-18-9	C15H15BD8N2O3
5-(3-(methoxy-d3)azetidin-1-yl-2,2,3,4,4-d5)-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine-3,4,6-d3	2364586-42-3	C15H12BD11N2O3
4-((oxetan-3-yl-d5)oxy)-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine-2,5,6-d3	2364586-89-8	C14H12BD8NO4
4-(2-(methyl-d3)piperidin-1-yl-2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-d9)-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine-3,5,6-d3	2368224-27-3	C17H12BD15N2O2
2-(4-(methyl-d3)piperidin-1-yl-2,2,3,3,4,5,5,6,6-d9)-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine-3,4,5-d3	2368224-40-0	C17H12BD15N2O2
3-(3-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine-2,4,6-d3	2368224-45-5	C17H24BD3N2O2
5-(2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine-3,4,6-d3	2368224-60-4	C17H24BD3N2O2
5-bromo-2-((oxetan-3-yl-d5)oxy)pyridine	2363783-74-6	C8H3BrD5NO2