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複素環(huán)式化合物

複素環(huán)式化合物は炭素原子と非炭素原子により構(gòu)成される環(huán)狀構(gòu)造の化合物である。これらの非炭素原子はヘテロ原子と総稱(chēng)され，一般的なヘテロ原子は窒素、酸素、硫黃等である。前述したラクトン、ラクタム、環(huán)狀エーテル等の化合物はいずれも複素環(huán)式化合物であり，しかしこれらの化合物の性質(zhì)は同じ種類(lèi)の鎖式化合物と類(lèi)似するため，いずれも対応する章節(jié)に組み込んで説明する。本章は主に環(huán)構(gòu)造が穏やかで、ある程度の芳香族性を有する複素環(huán)式化合物，即ち芳香族複素環(huán)式化合物を説明する。 複素環(huán)式化合物は種類(lèi)が膨大であり，數(shù)量が多く，自然界に広く分布しており，多くの天然の複素環(huán)式化合物は動(dòng)物、植物の體內(nèi)で重要な生理學(xué)的作用を果たす。例えば：植物內(nèi)のクロロフィル、動(dòng)物の血中ヘモグロビン、漢方薬中の有効成分のアルカロイドと一部の配糖體、一部の抗生物質(zhì)とビタミン、タンパク質(zhì)のあるアミノ酸とヌクレオチドを構(gòu)成する塩基等はいずれも複素環(huán)構(gòu)造を含有する。従來(lái)の薬物中で、複素環(huán)構(gòu)造を含有するものは約半分を占める。そのため，複素環(huán)式化合物は有機(jī)化合物（特に有機(jī)薬物）中で重要な地位を占める。 複素環(huán)式化合物中で五員、六員複素環(huán)及びそれらの縮合複素環(huán)化合物は最も普及しており，かつ最も重要である。そのため環(huán)のサイズによって，複素環(huán)式化合物は五員複素環(huán)及び六員複素環(huán)という二つの種類(lèi)に分けられる。例えば上記フラン、チオフェン、ピロール、オキサゾール、イミダゾール及びそれらの縮合複素環(huán)化合物のインドール、ベンゾイミダゾール、ジベンゾフラン等はいずれも五員複素環(huán)式化合物であり，それに対してピリジン、ピリミジン及びそれらの縮合複素環(huán)化合物のキノリン、キナゾリン等はいずれも六員複素環(huán)式化合物である。 各五員複素環(huán)式化合物と六員複素環(huán)式化合物中で，環(huán)構(gòu)造中のヘテロ原子の數(shù)量によって，また一つのヘテロ原子を含有する複素環(huán)及び二つ又はそれ以上のヘテロ原子を含有する複素環(huán)に分けられる。例えばフラン、チオフェン、ピリジン、インドール、キノリン、ジベンゾフラン等は一つのヘテロ原子を含有する複素環(huán)式化合物である；イミダゾール、ピリミジン、ベンゾイミダゾール、キナゾリン等は二つのヘテロ原子を含有する複素環(huán)式化合物である；それに対してプリンは二つ以上のヘテロ原子を含有するため，即ち複數(shù)のヘテロ原子を含有する複素環(huán)式化合物である。分子中の環(huán)構(gòu)造の形式によって，複素環(huán)式化合物はさらに複素単環(huán)及び縮合複素環(huán)という二つの種類(lèi)に分けられる。例えばフラン、ピリジン、ピリミジン、イミダゾール等はいずれも複素単環(huán)式化合物であり，インドール、キノリン、ジベンゾフラン、プリン等は縮合複素環(huán)式化合物である。
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Structure Chemical Name CAS MF
4-bromo-2-methyl-6-phenylpyridine 4-bromo-2-methyl-6-phenylpyridine 2460500-88-1 C12H10BrN
5-bromo-3-methoxypyridazine-4,6-d2 5-bromo-3-methoxypyridazine-4,6-d2
3-bromopyridine-2,4,6-d3 3-bromopyridine-2,4,6-d3
5-bromo-2-chloro-4-fluoro-3-(methyl-d3)pyridine-6-d 5-bromo-2-chloro-4-fluoro-3-(methyl-d3)pyridine-6-d
5-bromo-2-(methyl-d3)-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine 5-bromo-2-(methyl-d3)-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine 2891511-67-2 C7H2BrD3F3N
pyridin-2,3,6-d3-4-amine pyridin-2,3,6-d3-4-amine
6-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3,4-d2-2-ol 6-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3,4-d2-2-ol 2891512-38-0 C7H4D2F3NO
5-bromo-2-(pyridin-2-yl-d4)thiazole-4-d 5-bromo-2-(pyridin-2-yl-d4)thiazole-4-d
2-bromopyridine-3,5,6-d3 2-bromopyridine-3,5,6-d3
2-isobutyl-1,10-phenanthroline 2-isobutyl-1,10-phenanthroline 1877348-89-4 C16H16N2
5-(methyl-d3)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3,4-d2-2-amine 5-(methyl-d3)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3,4-d2-2-amine 2891511-15-0 C7H2D5F3N2
5-bromo-2-(pyridin-4-yl-d4)thiazole-4-d 5-bromo-2-(pyridin-4-yl-d4)thiazole-4-d
pyridin-4,5,6-d3-2-amine pyridin-4,5,6-d3-2-amine
pyridin-2,4,6-d3-3-ol pyridin-2,4,6-d3-3-ol
pyrimidin-4(3H)-one-2,5-d2 pyrimidin-4(3H)-one-2,5-d2
4-(methyl-d3)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3,5-d2-2-ol 4-(methyl-d3)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3,5-d2-2-ol 2891511-75-2 C7HD5F3NO
pyridin-2,3,5-d3-4-amine pyridin-2,3,5-d3-4-amine
6-bromo-5-cyclopropylpyridin-3-amine 6-bromo-5-cyclopropylpyridin-3-amine 2460493-69-8 C8H9BrN2
4-bromopyrimidine-5,6-d2 4-bromopyrimidine-5,6-d2
pyrimidin-4(3H)-one-2,6-d2 pyrimidin-4(3H)-one-2,6-d2
pyridazin-4,5-d2-3-amine pyridazin-4,5-d2-3-amine
5-bromo-2-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl-2,2,4,4,5,5-d6)pyrimidine-4,6-d2 5-bromo-2-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl-2,2,4,4,5,5-d6)pyrimidine-4,6-d2
3-bromo-2-fluoro-5-(methoxy-d3)pyridine-4,6-d2 3-bromo-2-fluoro-5-(methoxy-d3)pyridine-4,6-d2
5-bromo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4,6-d3 5-bromo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4,6-d3
3-bromo-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-4,6,7-d3 3-bromo-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-4,6,7-d3
4-bromo-6-chloro-2-(methyl-d3)pyrimidine 4-bromo-6-chloro-2-(methyl-d3)pyrimidine
3-(methyl-d3)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2(1H)-one-4,5-d2 3-(methyl-d3)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2(1H)-one-4,5-d2 2891517-80-7 C7HD5F3NO
2,4-dibromopyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5,6,7-d3 2,4-dibromopyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5,6,7-d3 2891518-26-4 C7Br2D3N3
2-bromo-3-(1,1-difluoroethyl-2,2,2-d3)pyridine-4,5,6-d3 2-bromo-3-(1,1-difluoroethyl-2,2,2-d3)pyridine-4,5,6-d3 2891517-85-2 C7BrD6F2N
2-bromo-3-(1,1-difluoroethyl-2,2,2-d3)pyridine 2-bromo-3-(1,1-difluoroethyl-2,2,2-d3)pyridine 2891520-10-6 C7H3BrD3F2N
4-bromo-6-(1,1-difluoroethyl-2,2,2-d3)pyrimidine-2,5-d2 4-bromo-6-(1,1-difluoroethyl-2,2,2-d3)pyrimidine-2,5-d2 2891520-87-7 C6BrD5F2N2
3-bromo-5-(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl-d7)pyridine 3-bromo-5-(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl-d7)pyridine
4-(methyl-d3)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2(1H)-one-3,6-d2 4-(methyl-d3)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2(1H)-one-3,6-d2
pyrimidin-4,6-d2-5-ol pyrimidin-4,6-d2-5-ol
pyridazin-4,6-d2-3-amine pyridazin-4,6-d2-3-amine
5-bromo-2-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)pyrimidine-4,6-d2 5-bromo-2-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)pyrimidine-4,6-d2
4-methylpyridine-2,3,5,6-d4 4-methylpyridine-2,3,5,6-d4 2807513-21-7 C6H3D4N
7-bromo-5H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine-2,4,6-d3 7-bromo-5H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine-2,4,6-d3
3-bromo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-4,5,7-d3 3-bromo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-4,5,7-d3
5-amino-3-isopropylpyridin-2(1H)-one 5-amino-3-isopropylpyridin-2(1H)-one 2460493-64-3 C8H12N2O
5-bromo-4-chloro-2,5'-bipyrimidine 5-bromo-4-chloro-2,5'-bipyrimidine 1852636-43-1 C8H4BrClN4
3-bromo-4-(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole 3-bromo-4-(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole 2460493-43-8 C6H8BrN3O
3-bromo-4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole 3-bromo-4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole 2460494-30-6 C9H8BrN3O
4-(2-chlorophenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine 4-(2-chlorophenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine 2460491-74-9 C8H7ClN4
4-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine 4-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine 2460493-60-9 C9H7F3N4
4-cyclobutyl-5-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine 4-cyclobutyl-5-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine 2460491-76-1 C7H12N4
3,5-dibromo-4-isobutyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole 3,5-dibromo-4-isobutyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole 2460492-70-8 C6H9Br2N3
3-bromo-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidine-5,7-d2 3-bromo-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidine-5,7-d2
4-methylpyrimidin-2,6-d2-5-amine 4-methylpyrimidin-2,6-d2-5-amine
5-bromo-6-fluoro-N,N-bis(methyl-d3)pyridin-2-amine-3,4-d2 5-bromo-6-fluoro-N,N-bis(methyl-d3)pyridin-2-amine-3,4-d2
2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridine-2,2,3,3,5,6,7-d7 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridine-2,2,3,3,5,6,7-d7
4-bromo-1-(2-methoxyethyl)pyridin-2(1H)-one-3,5,6-d3 4-bromo-1-(2-methoxyethyl)pyridin-2(1H)-one-3,5,6-d3
4-fluoro-3-(methyl-d3)pyridin-2-amine 4-fluoro-3-(methyl-d3)pyridin-2-amine
4-(pyridin-3-yl-d4)pyrimidin-5,6-d2-2-amine 4-(pyridin-3-yl-d4)pyrimidin-5,6-d2-2-amine
6-bromo-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine-2,5,7-d3 6-bromo-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine-2,5,7-d3
7-bromothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2,4,6-d3 7-bromothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2,4,6-d3
7-bromo-2-chloro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one-3,6,8,9-d4 7-bromo-2-chloro-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one-3,6,8,9-d4
4-(tert-butyl)-2-chloropyridine-3,5,6-d3 4-(tert-butyl)-2-chloropyridine-3,5,6-d3
5-bromo-2-(methyl-d3)pyridin-4-ol 5-bromo-2-(methyl-d3)pyridin-4-ol 2891511-07-0 C6H3BrD3NO
5-bromo-2-(methoxy-d2)pyridine-3,4,6-d3 5-bromo-2-(methoxy-d2)pyridine-3,4,6-d3 2891518-53-7 C6HBrD5NO
4-bromo-3-(methoxy-d2)pyridine 4-bromo-3-(methoxy-d2)pyridine 2891520-23-1 C6H4BrD2NO
2-bromo-5-(methoxy-d2)pyrimidine-4,6-d2 2-bromo-5-(methoxy-d2)pyrimidine-4,6-d2 2891512-61-9 C5HBrD4N2O
5-bromo-4-(methoxy-d2)pyrimidine 5-bromo-4-(methoxy-d2)pyrimidine 2891511-17-2 C5H3BrD2N2O
5-chloro-3-(methoxy-d3)pyridazine-4,6-d2 5-chloro-3-(methoxy-d3)pyridazine-4,6-d2
5-bromo-3-(methyl-d3)-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine-4,6-d2 5-bromo-3-(methyl-d3)-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine-4,6-d2
5-chloro-3-methoxypyridazine-4,6-d2 5-chloro-3-methoxypyridazine-4,6-d2
4-(methoxy-d3)pyridin-2(1H)-one-3,5,6-d3 4-(methoxy-d3)pyridin-2(1H)-one-3,5,6-d3
4-bromo-5-(methyl-d3)-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine-3,6-d2 4-bromo-5-(methyl-d3)-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine-3,6-d2
2-bromo-6-fluoro-4-(methyl-d3)pyridine-3,5-d2 2-bromo-6-fluoro-4-(methyl-d3)pyridine-3,5-d2
2,6-dibromo-4-(methyl-d3)pyridin-3-amine 2,6-dibromo-4-(methyl-d3)pyridin-3-amine
2-(3-bromo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-4,5-d2)-3-(methyl-d3)pyridine-4,5,6-d3 2-(3-bromo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-4,5-d2)-3-(methyl-d3)pyridine-4,5,6-d3 2256742-55-7 C9BrD8N3
2-bromo-5-iodopyridine-3,4,6-d3 2-bromo-5-iodopyridine-3,4,6-d3 2241872-59-1 C5BrD3IN
5-bromo-2-(3-bromo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-4,5-d2)pyrimidine-4,6-d2 5-bromo-2-(3-bromo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-4,5-d2)pyrimidine-4,6-d2 2256742-74-0 C7Br2D4N4
3-bromo-5-(3-bromo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-4,5-d2)pyridine-2,4,6-d3 3-bromo-5-(3-bromo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-4,5-d2)pyridine-2,4,6-d3 2256742-80-8 C8Br2D5N3
3-(3-bromo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-4,5-d2)pyridazine-4,5,6-d3 3-(3-bromo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-4,5-d2)pyridazine-4,5,6-d3 2256743-17-4 C7BrD5N4
pyridazin-d3-3-amine pyridazin-d3-3-amine 2241865-18-7 C4H2D3N3
2-(4-bromo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-3,5-d2)-4-(methyl-d3)pyridine-3,5,6-d3 2-(4-bromo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-3,5-d2)-4-(methyl-d3)pyridine-3,5,6-d3 2256743-40-3 C9BrD8N3
2-(4-(methyl-d3)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-3,5-d2)pyrimidin-5,6-d2-4-amine 2-(4-(methyl-d3)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-3,5-d2)pyrimidin-5,6-d2-4-amine 2256743-53-8 C8H2D7N5
4-chloro-2-(4-(methyl-d3)-1H-imidazol-1-yl-2,5-d2)pyrimidine 4-chloro-2-(4-(methyl-d3)-1H-imidazol-1-yl-2,5-d2)pyrimidine 2256743-58-3 C8H2ClD5N4
tert-butyl 3-bromo-5,7-dihydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridine-6-carboxylate-2,4,5,5,7,7-d6 tert-butyl 3-bromo-5,7-dihydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridine-6-carboxylate-2,4,5,5,7,7-d6
4-bromothieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2,3,5,7-d4 4-bromothieno[2,3-c]pyridine-2,3,5,7-d4
1-(6-bromopyridin-3-yl-2,4,5-d3)piperazine-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-d8 1-(6-bromopyridin-3-yl-2,4,5-d3)piperazine-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-d8
5-bromo-4-(o-tolyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole 5-bromo-4-(o-tolyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole 2460500-46-1 C9H8BrN3
5-bromo-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole 5-bromo-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole 2091761-87-2 C9H8BrN3O
5-bromo-4-isobutyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole 5-bromo-4-isobutyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole 1529058-79-4 C6H10BrN3
3-(5-bromo-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)benzonitrile 3-(5-bromo-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)benzonitrile 2460492-58-2 C9H5BrN4
4-(1,4-dioxan-2-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole 4-(1,4-dioxan-2-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole 2460500-45-0 C6H9N3O2
4-bromo-1-ethyl-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole 4-bromo-1-ethyl-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole 1785224-92-1 C5H8BrN3
2-cyclopropoxythiazol-5-amine 2-cyclopropoxythiazol-5-amine 2147883-35-8 C6H8N2OS
1-(4-bromopyridin-2-yl)azetidin-3-ol 1-(4-bromopyridin-2-yl)azetidin-3-ol 1367935-90-7 C8H9BrN2O
3-(5-bromo-6-fluoropyridin-2-yl)benzonitrile 3-(5-bromo-6-fluoropyridin-2-yl)benzonitrile 2600400-23-3 C12H6BrFN2
3-bromo-2-fluoro-6-(thiophen-3-yl)pyridine 3-bromo-2-fluoro-6-(thiophen-3-yl)pyridine 2600399-55-9 C9H5BrFNS
3-bromo-2-methyl-6-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyridine 3-bromo-2-methyl-6-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyridine 2600400-04-0 C10H12BrNO
3-bromo-2-methyl-6-(thiophen-2-yl)pyridine 3-bromo-2-methyl-6-(thiophen-2-yl)pyridine 1334605-99-0 C10H8BrNS
1-(4-bromo-6-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethan-1-one 1-(4-bromo-6-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethan-1-one 1823371-89-6 C9H10BrNO
4-bromo-2-methoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)pyridine 4-bromo-2-methoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)pyridine 2645419-02-7 C8H10BrNO2
2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrido[2,3-b][1,4]oxazine-2,2,3,3-d4 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrido[2,3-b][1,4]oxazine-2,2,3,3-d4
4-(3-bromopyridin-4-yl-2,5,6-d3)morpholine-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-d8 4-(3-bromopyridin-4-yl-2,5,6-d3)morpholine-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-d8
3-chloro-6-(ethoxy-d5)pyridazine 3-chloro-6-(ethoxy-d5)pyridazine
4-(piperidin-4-yl-2,2,3,3,4,5,5,6,6-d9)pyridine-2,3,5,6-d4 4-(piperidin-4-yl-2,2,3,3,4,5,5,6,6-d9)pyridine-2,3,5,6-d4
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