The neuropeptide Y receptor Y2 (NPY2R) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that primarily binds neuropeptide Y (NPY) and peptide YY (PYY), playing a critical role in regulating physiological processes such as appetite suppression, energy homeostasis, anxiety, and memory. It is widely expressed in the central nervous system (e.g., hypothalamus, amygdala) and peripheral tissues (e.g., gastrointestinal tract, adipose tissue). NPY2R activation inhibits adenylyl cyclase, reducing cAMP levels, and modulates intracellular calcium signaling. Dysregulation of NPY2R signaling has been implicated in obesity, metabolic disorders, and cancer progression, particularly in promoting tumor angiogenesis and metastasis.
NPY2R antibodies are essential tools for studying the receptor's expression, localization, and function. These antibodies are typically developed against specific epitopes, such as extracellular or intracellular domains, and validated for applications like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. High-quality NPY2R antibodies exhibit specificity confirmed by knockout controls or blocking peptides. Researchers use them to explore NPY2R's role in diseases, including its potential as a therapeutic target. For example, NPY2R-neutralizing antibodies are investigated for anti-obesity or anti-cancer therapies. Challenges include ensuring cross-reactivity across species (human, mouse, rat) and distinguishing NPY2R from homologous receptors (e.g., NPY1R, NPY5R). Recent studies also utilize NPY2R antibodies to map receptor distribution in single-cell RNA sequencing datasets or to assess drug-target engagement in preclinical models.