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     Black line: Control Antigen (100 ng); Purple line: Antigen(10ng); Blue line: Antigen (50 ng); Red line: Antigen (100 ng);    

  
  

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     Immunofluorescence analysis of MSCS cells using MBP mouse mAb (green). Blue: DRAQ5 fluorescent DNA dye. Red: Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor-555 phalloidin.    

  
  

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     Flow cytometric analysis of HepG2 cells using MBP mouse mAb (green) and negative control (red).    

  
  

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     Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human brain tissues using MBP mouse mAb with DAB staining.    

  
  

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     Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human cerebellum tissues using MBP mouse mAb with DAB staining.    

  
  

Myelin basic protein (MBP) antibodies are autoantibodies targeting MBP, a critical component of the myelin sheath that insulates nerve fibers in the central and peripheral nervous systems. MBP constitutes ~30% of myelin protein and plays a structural role in maintaining compact myelin layers. First identified in the 1970s, MBP antibodies gained attention for their association with demyelinating diseases, particularly multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. In these conditions, immune-mediated attacks on MBP contribute to myelin destruction, disrupting nerve signal transmission.

While early studies suggested MBP antibodies as potential biomarkers for MS, their diagnostic specificity remains limited due to variable detection across patients and overlap with other neurological disorders. Current research focuses on their role in disease mechanisms, including epitope-specific responses and antibody-mediated myelin injury. MBP antibodies are also utilized experimentally to study autoimmune demyelination and evaluate therapeutic interventions. Notably, MBP's high susceptibility to proteolytic degradation and post-translational modifications (e.g., citrullination) influence its antigenicity, complicating antibody detection and clinical correlations. Despite being less emphasized in modern MS diagnostics compared to other targets (e.g., aquaporin-4 or MOG), MBP antibodies remain historically significant in understanding autoimmune neuropathology.