The S-100 protein family consists of a group of calcium-binding proteins that are exclusively expressed in vertebrates and exhibit cell and tissue-specific expression. The expression levels of its members differ in various pathological conditions. The extracellular functions of the S-100 family may include the ability to enhance neurite outgrowth, involvement in inflammation and motility of tumor cells. S-100A16 (S100 calcium binding protein A16), also known as AAG13 (aging-associated gene 13 protein), S100F or DT1P1A7, is a 103 amino acid nuclear and cytoplasmic protein that exists as a homodimer that binds one calcium ion per monomer. A member of the EF-hand superfamily, S-100A16 contains two EF-hand domains and is encoded by a gene that maps to human chromosome 1q21.3.