Fumaric acid is a natural organic dicarboxylic acid, also known as trans-butenedioic acid, primarily added to food as a safe acidity regulator, flavor enhancer, and preservative. It has a stronger acidity and better pH buffering stability than citric acid, effectively inhibiting the growth of molds and harmful bacteria, extending shelf life, and helping to balance the flavor of beverages, baked goods, noodles, and confectionery. Besides food applications, it is also widely used in the synthesis of unsaturated polyester resins, pharmaceutical intermediates, feed additives, and the production of bio-based materials.