一二三四区视频,亚洲少妇熟女色,日本久热无码视频网,欧美国产日韩大尺度,亚洲a视频,久久少妇一区二区,日韩999无码视频,刺激久久久久久久,啊啊啊啊不要啊在线

ChemicalBook >> journal list >> Advanced Science >>article
Advanced Science

Advanced Science

IF: 14.3
Download PDF

Astrocytic ET-1 System Determines Microglia Phenotype Following Spinal Cord Injury

Published:30 May 2025 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202507215 PMID: 40443301
Bingqiang He, Si Xu, Mengdi Li, Hui Li, Shaolan Li, Li Niu, Honghua Song, Rixin Cai, Yue Zhou, Zhilong Cao, Yingjie Wang, Yongjun Wang

Abstract

Microglia/macrophages accumulate at the lesion site by switching toward pro-inflammatory (M1)-dominant phenotype at the acute phase following spinal cord injury (SCI). Such biased polarization shapes the functional outcomes by expanding tissue damage. In the present study, the astrocytic endothelin-1 (ET-1) system is revealed to be immediately activated after SCI, driving microglia polarization toward M1, but suppressing toward M2 phenotype through activation of transcription coactivator YAP via ETA and ETB receptors. In addition, the activation of astrocytic ET-1 system results in elevation of blood plasma ET-1 level, suggesting a high diagnostic value. SCI-induced thrombin is pinpointed as a crucial activator of the astrocytic ET-1 system. The serine protease dramatically promotes the astrocytic expression of preproendothelin-1 (ppET-1) through protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1)/RhoA/NF-κB and PAR-1/MAPKs/NF-κB signal pathways. Meanwhile, it induces the expression of astrocytic endothelin-converting enzyme 1 (ECE-1) responsible for mature ET-1 processing. Pharmacological inhibitors of PAR-1 and ET-1 are shown to be highly efficient in microglia M1 phenotype reversion and favorable for the recovery of rat locomotor function after SCI. The findings have revealed a novel mechanism of M1 microglia/macrophages swarming at lesion sites at the acute phase following SCI, and provide potential therapeutic approaches for neuroinflammation by targeting the astrocytic ET-1 system.

Substances (4)

Materials
Procduct Name CAS Molecular Formula Supplier Price
1,4-dihydroxy-3-methyl-2-naphthyl 4-aminobenzoate 14748-94-8 C18H15NO4 24 suppliers Inquiry
1,4-dihydroxy-3-methyl-2-naphthyl 4-aminobenzoate 14748-94-8 C18H15NO4 24 suppliers Inquiry
1,4-dihydroxy-3-methyl-2-naphthyl 4-aminobenzoate 14748-94-8 C18H15NO4 24 suppliers Inquiry
1,4-dihydroxy-3-methyl-2-naphthyl 4-aminobenzoate 14748-94-8 C18H15NO4 24 suppliers Inquiry

Similar articles

IF:4.1

Degradation of nonphenolic lignin by the laccase/1-hydroxybenzotriazole system

Journal of biotechnology Ewald Srebotnik , Kenneth E Hammel,etc Published: 25 August 2000
IF:0

Thymosin α1 and thymosin β4 in serum: Comparison of normal, cord, homosexual and AIDS serum

International journal of immunopharmacology Paul H. Naylor , Alvin Friedman-Kien ,etc Published: 1 January 1986
IF:5.9

Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and the central nervous system.

Neural Regeneration Research Jak?a Vukojevic, Marija Milavi?,etc Published: 1 March 2022
阿荣旗| 曲水县| 晋宁县| 永定县| 揭西县| 台州市| 左云县| 永寿县| 闽侯县| 兴安盟| 修文县| 永济市| 荆州市| 宝兴县| 大庆市| 罗定市| 东兴市| 丰原市| 沭阳县| 栖霞市| 黄冈市| 阳谷县| 金堂县| 龙门县| 扶绥县| 玉环县| 彰武县| 柳河县| 秦皇岛市| 天门市| 丰都县| 涟水县| 凤城市| 邯郸市| 汕头市| 拜泉县| 长宁县| 福安市| 天峨县| 东乡族自治县| 澳门|