一二三四区视频,亚洲少妇熟女色,日本久热无码视频网,欧美国产日韩大尺度,亚洲a视频,久久少妇一区二区,日韩999无码视频,刺激久久久久久久,啊啊啊啊不要啊在线

ChemicalBook >> journal list >> European Psychiatry >>article
European Psychiatry

European Psychiatry

IF: 7.2
Download PDF

Use of tianeptine sulfate over-the-counter, literature review, and case report

Published:1 March 2023 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.347
á. Palma Conesa,?M. I. Rico Rangel,?I. González Milla,?A. Aranzadi

Abstract

Tianeptine is prescribed as an antidepresant in Europe. The prescription drug is produced as tianeptine sodium. However, it can also be found on the Internet as tianeptine sulfate sold as a nootropric. Misuse of tianeptine sodium has been documented, but there’s little scientific evidence of tianeptine sulfate use. Review the use of tianeptine sulfate without prescription.Present a clinical report of tianeptine sulfate use.PubMed review of tienptine use without prescription.Clinical report of a patient using tianeptine sulfate adquiered on the Internet.Systematic review on PubMed using the search term “tianeptine abuse” conducted on 01/10/2022. A total of 71 articles were found from wich 33 mentioned the use of tianeptine use without prescription. A total of 23 case reports of tianeptine use without prescription were found. None of them made the difference between tiaenptine sodium or tianeptine sulfate. Only one article mentioned the use of tianeptine sulfate from an Internet search on Internet fora (Smith et al. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2021 47(4), 455–466). The case report of a 23 years old patient is presented. Diagnoses: ADHD (F98.8); Psychotic episodes four (F23) and two (F16.150) years ago; Major depressive disorder (F32.2). Use of psychedelics, cannabis, psychoestimulants and opioids meeting substance use disorder (SUD) criteria. The patient brought proof of the tianeptine sulfate bought on the Internet (image 1) for self-treatment of his depressive symptoms. Tianeptine sodium is prescribed. The patient then restarts opioid use with fear of a new opioid use disorder episode and an oxicodone prescription is maintained. The patient then interrupts the antipsychotic medication and suffers a psychotic relapse. After this psychotic episode a LAI treatment with paliperidone is started. Currently, the patient is recovered and maintains psychopathological stability and abstinence from other substances. Blod test result unaltered. Current treatment: lisdexamphetamine 70mg /day, tianeptina sodium 12.5mg/day; oxicodone 40mg/12h and paliperidone 150mg /28d.Image:Tianeptine sulfate is believed to present some diferences versus tianeptine sodium: it is sold only through the Internet without prescrption, the daily dose is 25mg per day versus 12.5mg every 8 hours and it might be more potent and long lasting. Those differences were confirmed by the patient after the prescription of tianeptine sodium.Self-medication with psychoactive substances is one of the theories for substance use and might lead to a substance use disorder. This case shows how the prescription of a drug similar to the one used without presription might favour the therapeutical alliance and reduce the risk associated to the use of non-regulated substances.Further research is needed to better understand the use of tianeptine sulfate.None Declared

Substances (8)

Related products
Procduct Name CAS Molecular Formula Supplier Price
Paliperidone 144598-75-4 C23H27FN4O3 585 suppliers $5.00-$1250.00
Tianeptine sodium salt 30123-17-2 C21H24ClN2NaO4S 426 suppliers $18.00-$3660.00
Tianeptine 66981-73-5 C21H25ClN2O4S 311 suppliers Inquiry
tianeptine sulfate 1224690-84-9 C21H27ClN2O8S2 158 suppliers Inquiry
Tianeptine 72797-41-2 C21H25ClN2O4S 75 suppliers $70.00-$82800.00
(+)-Tianeptine 169293-31-6 C21H25ClN2O4S - Inquiry
2,6-N-Boc Lisdexamphetamine - Inquiry
Tianeptine sulfate 2093109-76-1 C21H27ClN2O8S2 - Inquiry

Similar articles

IF:1.5

Acute Disulfiram Poisoning in a Child: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine Kapil Bhalla, Kundan Mittal,etc Published: 1 March 2020
IF:1.3

Lamivudine treatment for acute severe hepatitis B: report of a case and review of the literature.

Acta gastro-enterologica Belgica A Roussos, S Koilakou,etc Published: 1 January 2008
IF:0.8

Baclofen intoxication: report of four cases and review of the literature.

Clinical Neuropharmacology T H Lee, S S Chen,etc Published: 1 February 1992
永兴县| 蒲江县| 玛曲县| 石屏县| 台安县| 文化| 仁布县| 方山县| 宾川县| 咸阳市| 宣化县| 高唐县| 苏尼特左旗| 饶阳县| 孟州市| 赤峰市| 洪泽县| 庐江县| 罗江县| 红河县| 三亚市| 微山县| 通渭县| 枣强县| 手机| 阿鲁科尔沁旗| 云安县| 武功县| 张家界市| 湄潭县| 开鲁县| 囊谦县| 乐亭县| 萨嘎县| 清丰县| 海原县| 旬阳县| 常宁市| 轮台县| 南川市| 西盟|