GPRC6A.

DJ-V-159 activates ERK in HEK-293 transfected with GPRC6A but not in non-transfected HEK-293 cells, with potency similar to L-Arg. In addition, DJ-V-159 dose-dependently stimulates cAMP production in GPRC6A expressing HEK-293 cells, achieving a response a 0.2 nM concentrations in the media. DJ-V-159 stimulates insulin secretion in mouse beta-cell MIN-6 cells. The DJ-V-159 increased insulin stimulation index (SI) in MIN-6 cells similar to the effects of Ocn, known ligand of GPRC6A.

DJ-V-159 at the dose of 10 mg/kg reduces blood glucose levels in wildtype mice at 60 and 90 minutes after intraperitoneal administration of 10 mg/kg, whereas the vehicle (95% PEG + 5% DMSO) has no effect on blood glucose. DJ-V-159 reduces blood glucose levels in wild-type mice by 43.6% and 41.9% at 60 and 90 minutes, respectively, after intraperitoneal administration of 10 mg/kg. The mice tolerated this short-term exposure to DJ-V-159 without any overt side-effects. DJ-V-159, however, is almost in or on the boundary of the Lipinski's Rule of Five.