メタバナジウム酸アンモニウム 化學特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色～ほとんど白色, 結(jié)晶性粉末～粉末
溶解性
水に溶けにくく、アンモニア水にやや溶けやすい。
用途
羊毛等の染色や印刷、インキ用バナジューム黒顔料、陶蕓用釉薬、寫真の現(xiàn)像、分析用試薬. (MERCK (14TH, 2006))
用途
酸化剤、觸媒、顔料。
展望
アンモニウムバナデートの研究は新たな応用分野の発見に向けて続いています例えばエネルギー貯蔵材料としての可能性が注目されていますバナジウムを用いたフローバッテリーは大規(guī)模なエネルギー貯蔵システムに適した解決策として期待されておりアンモニウムバナデートがそのキーマテリアルの一つとなる可能性がありますまた觸媒としての性能向上や醫(yī)薬品への応用などさまざまな研究が進められています
化學的特性
Ammonium metavanadate is an inorganic acidic salt with the formula NH4VO3. It is a white or slightly yellow crystalline powder. Slightly soluble in cold water, hot ethanol and ether, soluble in hot water and dilute ammonium hydroxide. It is an important intermediate in the purification of vanadium.
使用
Ammonium vanadium oxide is used as a catalyst in organic synthesis, and as an analytical reagent in laboratories. It is employed in the preparation of vanadate. It acts as a sensor for the determination of N-acetyltransferase activity in humans. Further it finds use in dyes, varnishes, indelible inks, drier for paints, and in photography. With copper carbonate, it has been shown to enhance the catalytic activities. Ammonium metavanadate is an environmental-friendly catalyst to prepare alpha-hydroxyphosphonate derivatives in high yield through the reaction of aryl/heteroaryl aldehydes with triethylphosphonate derivatives.
安全性
アンモニウムバナデートは適切な取り扱いと管理が行われている場合人體および環(huán)境へのリスクは比較的低いとされていますしかし長期間にわたる露出や大量の摂取は健康への悪影響を及ぼす可能性があります特に粉末狀態(tài)の場合吸入することによる呼吸器系への影響が懸念されますそのため実験室や工業(yè)施設では適切な保護具の著用と換気設備の整備が推奨されています
一般的な説明
Ammonium metavanadate appears as a white crystalline powder. Slightly soluble in water and denser than water. Decomposes at 410°F. May release toxic fumes. Moderately toxic. An irritant. Used as a dryer for paints and inks, and for dyes. Loses ammonia upon heating.
空気と水の反応
Slightly soluble in water.
反応プロフィール
Acidic inorganic salts, such as Ammonium metavanadate, are generally soluble in water. The resulting solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydrogen ions and have pH's of less than 7.0. They react as acids to neutralize bases. These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of inorganic acids, inorganic oxoacids, and carboxylic acid. They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible. Many of these compounds catalyze organic reactions.
健康ハザード
TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.
火災危険
Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated.
生産方法
アンモニウムバナデートはバナジウム酸塩の溶液にアンモニア水を加えることで製造されますこの過程で沈殿が生じ乾燥させて製品を得ますこの方法は比較的単純で工業(yè)的な規(guī)模での生産にも適しています
安全性プロファイル
Poison by ingestion,
subcutaneous, intravenous, intratracheal,
and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by skin contact. An experimental teratogen.
Other experimental reproductive effects.
Mutation data reported. See also
VANADIUM COMPOUNDS. When
heated to decomposition it emits toxic
fumes of NH3, VOx, and NOx.
職業(yè)ばく露
It is used in the metals industry to
make alloys, chemical reactions, dyes, inks, varnishes,
printing, medicines, and photography.
概要
アンモニウムバナデートは化學式でNH4VO3と表される無機化合物ですバナジウムの酸化數(shù)は5でありこの化合物はバナジウムの重要な源として利用されます主に觸媒染料セラミックスガラスの添加剤としての応用がありますまたバナジウムを含む特定の酵素の研究にも用いられることがあります
輸送方法
UN2859 Ammonium metavanadate, Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.
純化方法
Wash the salt with H2O until free from Cl-ions and dry it in air. It is soluble in H2O (5.18g/100mL at 15o, 10.4g/100mL at 32o) but is more soluble in dilute NH3. It crystallises from conductivity water (20mL/g). When heated at relatively low temperature, it loses H2O and NH3 to give vanadium oxide (V2O5), and at 210o it forms lower oxides. [Baker et al. Inorg Synth III 117 1950.] Its solubility in H2O is 0.52% (15o), 1% (32o) and 1.6% (50o). After washing the technical grade salt with H2O, it had Na, Mn and U at 0.06, 0.2 and 0.1 ppm, respectively. [Brauer in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chem (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol II p 1272-1273 1965.]
不和合性
Moisture forms an acidic solution. React
with bases and alkaline material: may generate heat and
release flammable hydrogen gas.
メタバナジウム酸アンモニウム 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品