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Raffinose is a white crystalline powder. It is odorless and has a sweet taste approximately 10% that of sucrose.

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D-(+)-Raffinose is an oligosaccharide and trisaccharide whose physical structure and chemical properties have been shown to affect the stability and crystallization of amorphous sucrose, helping to increase the shelf-life of sucrose-containing foods.

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Raffinose occurs naturally in Australian manna, cottonseed meal, and seeds of various food legumes. It can be isolated from beet sugar molasses through sucrose separation, seed-crystallization, and filtration.

Pharmaceutical Applications

Raffinose is a trisaccharide carbohydrate that is used as a bulking agent, blood substitute, stabilizing agent, and water scavenger in freeze-drying where it acts as a stabilizer for freeze-dried formulations. It is also used as a crystallization inhibitor in sucrose solutions.

Safety

Raffinose is a naturally occurring trisaccharide investigated for use in freeze-dried pharmaceutical formulations. It occurs in a number of plants that are consumed widely.

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Raffinose is stable under ordinary conditions of use and storage. Excessive heat should be avoided to prevent degradation. Thermal decomposition products are carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.

Purification Methods

fructo-furanose [17629-30-0 (5H2O), 512-69-6 (anhydrous)] M 594.5, m 8 0o, 80 -82o, +124o (c 10, H2O), [ ] D +105o (c 1 for pentahydrate, H2O), pK 1 12.40, pK 2 13.44, pK 3 13.52. D(+)-Raffinose crystallises from H2O, 90% aqueous EtOH or MeOH as the pentahydrate. The anhydrous sugar has m 132-135o. It has RF 0.8 on TLC (Silica Gel, and 1:3:3 CHCl3/butanone:/MeOH). The undecaacetate has been purified through an alumina column by elution with CHCl3, and recrystallised from EtOH/MeOH/H2O (3:2:5), with m 99-100o, [] D +92.8o (c 5.14, EtOH). [pK : Coccioli & Vicedomini Ann Chim (Rome) 66 269, 275 1976, 1H NMR: Suami et al. Carbohydr Research 26 234 1973, Beilstein 17 III/IV 3801, 17/8 V 403.]

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Raffinose is incompatible with strong oxidizers.

Regulatory Status

Raffinose is a naturally occurring trisaccharide and is consumed as part of a normal diet.

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