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Oxymetholone is a synthetic, orally active anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) and 17α-methylated derivative of dihydrotestosterone (DHT). It is mainly used for the treatment of osteroporosis and anemia (low red blood cell count). It can also stimulate the muscle growth in malnourished or underdeveloped patients. It also has the potential to treat the HIV wasting syndrome. Oxymetholone can also lead to an even buildup in strength, which is its secondary characteristics, making it an excellent steroid to be coupled with other anabolic steroids to yield synergetic effect.
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Oxymetholone is an odorless white to pale yellow crystalline solid or powder. Insoluble in water, easily soluble in chloroform, soluble in dioxane, vegetable oil, slightly soluble in ethanol and ether. It is sensitive to light (Akron 2009). It is structurally related to the male hormone testosterone (IARC 1977, NTP 1999).
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Oxymetholone is used in treatment of myelofibrosis and
myelosuppression. This drug can provoke bone marrow cells
and rise the blood cells in the peripheral blood vessels. It has
been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for
the treatment of anemia caused by deficient red cell
production. It is effective in catabolic states, replacement of
male sex steroids in men who have androgen deficiency, and
in eugonadal male and female patients with acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome-associated wasting.
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ChEBI: Oxymetholone is a 3-oxo-5alpha- steroid that is 4,5alpha-dihydrotestosterone which is substituted by a hydroxymethylidene group at position 2 and by a methyl group at the 17alpha position. A synthetic androgen, it was mainly used for the treatment of anaemias until being replaced by treatments with fewer side effects. It has a role as an anabolic agent, an androgen and an anti-anaemic agent. It is a 17beta-hydroxy steroid, an enone, a tertiary alcohol, an enol, an anabolic androgenic steroid and a 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid.
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Oxymetholone is an odorless white to creamy white crystalline powder. It is approved for the treatment of various anemias.
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Insoluble in water.
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Oxymetholone may be sensitive to light.
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SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to Oxymetholone may include cholestatic jaundice, hepatocellular neoplasms and peliosis hepatitis. Prepubertal exposure may cause phallic enlargement and increased frequency of erection. Postpubertal exposure may cause inhibition of testicular function, testicular atrophy, oligospermia, impotence, chronic priapism, epididymitis, bladder irritability, clitoral enlargement, menstrual irregularities, increased or decreased libido, excitation, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, leukemia, gynecomastia, deepening of the voice in women, hirsutism and male-pattern baldness in women, acne, edema, retention of serum electrolytes and decreased glucose tolerance. It may also cause higher risk of developing liver cell tumors. Other symptoms include abnormal liver function tests, salt and water retention and masculinization, particularly of the female fetus.
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Flash point data for Oxymetholone are not available. Oxymetholone is probably combustible.
Safety Profile
Confirmed human carcinogen producing liver tumors. Human systemic effects by ingestion: impaired liver function. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also TESTOSTERONE.
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Oxymetholone is a controlled substance
(US), hormone and a systemic anabolic steroid.
Carcinogenicity
Oxymetholone is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogenbased on limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans.
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Oxymetholone may release into the environment through
various waste streams. If released to air, oxymetholone does
not absorb light at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is
not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by
sunlight. If released to soil, oxymetholone is expected to have
moderate mobility. Occupational exposure to oxymetholone
may occur via dermal contact with this compound at workplaces
where oxymetholone is produced. It can be overused
intentionally in humans as a performance enhancement drug
in athletes.
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UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances,
solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous
material, Technical Name Required.
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Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions.
Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, and epoxides. May be combustible
and light-sensitive.
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It is inappropriate and
possibly dangerous to the environment to dispose of
expired or waste pharmaceuticals by flushing them down
the toilet or discarding them to the trash. Household
quantities of expired or waste pharmaceuticals may be
mixed with wet cat litter or coffee grounds, doublebagged
in plastic, discard in trash. Larger quantities
shall carefully take into consideration applicable DEA,
EPA, and FDA regulations. If possible return the
pharmaceutical to the manufacturer for proper disposal
being careful to properly label and securely package the
material. Alternatively, the waste pharmaceutical shall be
labeled, securely packaged and transported by a state
licensed medical waste contractor to dispose by burial
in a licensed hazardous or toxic waste landfill or
incinerator.
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