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Microbes and Infection

Microbes and Infection

IF: 2.7
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Ketogenic diet restrains herpes simplex encephalitis via gut microbes

Published:1 March 2023 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2022.105061 PMID: 36270600
Tianhao Shan , Yanling Huang , Zibo Zhao , Feng Li , Yifei Wang , Cuifang Ye , Kai Zheng , Zhe Ren

Abstract

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection-associated herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is an occasionally but severe neuronal disease that causes behavioral disorder and impairs cognition. Herein, we demonstrate that the consumption of ketogenic diet (KD), a low-carbohydrate high-fat diet, restricts the neurotropic infection of HSV-1 and HSE progression in mice. KD reduced weight loss, neurodegenerative symptoms, virus production and neuroinflammation, resulting in the enhanced survival rate of HSE mice. Notably, depletion of gut microbes by antibiotics attenuated the protective function of KD on HSV-1-related neuroinflammation and HSE development. Therefore, KD represents as an alternative therapeutic strategy to alleviate or prevent HSE via gut microbiota.

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