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Accounts of Chemical Research

Accounts of Chemical Research

IF: 16.4
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Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of eicosane on glutamate and NMDA-induced retinal ganglion cell injury

Published:18 April 2024 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2024.04.05
Zhen-Kai Wu, Huan-Yu Li, You-Lin Zhu, Meng-Qin Xiong, Jing-Xiang Zhong

Abstract

AIM To investigate the protective effects, antioxidant potential, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of eicosane on glutamate-induced cell damage and on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced retinal ganglion cell (RGC) injury in a mouse model of glaucoma. METHODS The protective effects of eicosane on the rat R28 retinal precursor cell line were assessed using cell counting kit-8 assays and Hoechst-propidium iodide staining. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured using the fluorescent probe 2'-7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate and flow cytometry. The protective role of eicosane on NMDA-induced RGC injury in a mouse glaucoma model was determined by immunostaining of frozen sections of retina. The effects of eicosane on the metabolome of the retina in mice with NMDA-induced RGC damage were evaluated by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) and untargeted metabolomics analyses. RESULTS Eicosane treatment significantly attenuated glutamate-induced damage to R28 cells in vitro. Eicosane also protected RGCs against NMDA-induced injury in a mouse glaucoma model. Untargeted metabolomics analyses showed that eicosane increased multiple metabolites, including L-arginine and L-carnitine, in the retina. CONCLUSION Eicosane has protective effects, antioxidant potential, and anti-inflammatory properties in an in vitro model of glutamate-induced cell damage and in an in vivo model of NMDA-induced RGC injury in mouse glaucoma through modulation of L-arginine and/or L-carnitine metabolism.

Substances (44)

Materials
Procduct Name CAS Molecular Formula Supplier Price
Palmitic acid 57-10-3 C16H32O2 815 suppliers $5.00-$2109.25
Palmitic acid 57-10-3 C16H32O2 815 suppliers $5.00-$2109.25
Palmitic acid 57-10-3 C16H32O2 815 suppliers $5.00-$2109.25
Palmitic acid 57-10-3 C16H32O2 815 suppliers $5.00-$2109.25
Linolenic acid 463-40-1 C18H30O2 525 suppliers $21.00-$6875.00
Linolenic acid 463-40-1 C18H30O2 525 suppliers $21.00-$6875.00
Linolenic acid 463-40-1 C18H30O2 525 suppliers $21.00-$6875.00
Linolenic acid 463-40-1 C18H30O2 525 suppliers $21.00-$6875.00
N-EICOSANE 112-95-8 C20H42 275 suppliers $10.00-$3509.86
N-EICOSANE 112-95-8 C20H42 275 suppliers $10.00-$3509.86

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