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IF: 14.3
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Capsaicin Alleviates Autophagy-Lysosomal Dysfunction via PPARA-Mediated V-ATPase Subunit ATP6V0E1 Signaling in 3xTg-AD Mice

Published:28 July 2025 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202502707 PMID: 40719096
Haitao Yu, Jia Chen, Fangzhou Wang, Dongdong Jia, Shuguang Bi, Yuming Mao, Yu-qi Zhang, Tian-long Gao, Liu Yang, Jia-xu Du, Zi-han Zhou, Xi-Chen Zhu, Gao-shang Chai

Abstract

Autophagy-lysosomal pathway deficits contribute to the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ), Tau, and lipid droplets in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Capsaicin, a specific agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), can improve cognitive function in AD patients, but the detailed mechanism is still unclear. Here, it is revealed that capsaicin ameliorated AD-related pathology by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA/PPARα, a key regulator of lipid metabolism) to promote lipid metabolism and reverse autophagy-lysosomal deficits. Molecular mechanism research found that capsaicin significantly activated the PPAR signaling pathway to promote lipid metabolism, with PPARA identified as the key transcription factor. In addition, capsaicin upregulated ATP6V0E1 (V-ATPase V0 complex subunit e1, involved in lysosomal acidification) expression through PPARA, restoring V-ATPase activity. This enhanced lysosomal acidification facilitated lipophagy (autophagic clearance of lipid droplets), while promoting the clearance of Aβ and Tau aggregates via the autophagy-lysosomal pathway. Further, inhibition of ATP6V0E1 and PPARA expression blocked the effect of capsaicin on alleviating AD lipid pathology and cognitive deficits through autophagy-lysosomal flux. Taken together, capsaicin promotes lipid metabolism, reduces lipid deposition, and attenuates AD-related pathologies, while PPARA-ATP6V0E1-V-ATPase signaling mediated autophagy-lysosomal pathway plays a key role in this process.

Substances (10)

Materials
Procduct Name CAS Molecular Formula Supplier Price
Capsaicin 404-86-4 C18H27NO3 857 suppliers $28.00-$2214.42
Capsaicin 404-86-4 C18H27NO3 857 suppliers $28.00-$2214.42
Capsaicin 404-86-4 C18H27NO3 857 suppliers $28.00-$2214.42
Capsaicin 404-86-4 C18H27NO3 857 suppliers $28.00-$2214.42
Capsaicin 404-86-4 - Inquiry
Capsaicin 404-86-4 - Inquiry
Capsaicin 404-86-4 - Inquiry
Capsaicin 404-86-4 - Inquiry
Capsaicin 404-86-4 - Inquiry
Capsaicin 404-86-4 - Inquiry

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