一二三四区视频,亚洲少妇熟女色,日本久热无码视频网,欧美国产日韩大尺度,亚洲a视频,久久少妇一区二区,日韩999无码视频,刺激久久久久久久,啊啊啊啊不要啊在线

ChemicalBook >> journal list >> British Journal of Dermatology >>article
British Journal of Dermatology

British Journal of Dermatology

IF: 11
Download PDF

Patch testing with preservatives, antimicrobials and industrial biocides. Results from a multicentre study

Published:4 January 2002 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02126.x PMID: 9580801
Schnuch,  Geier,  Uter,  Frosch

Abstract

Preservatives are biologically reactive substances, and their allergenic potential has been known for a long time. This study examined the role of different preservatives in a large number of patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis. Patch test data and data from the patients' history were collected from the 24 departments participating in the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 1994. Patch test data from 28,349 patients tested with preservatives of the standard series (SS), from 11,485 patients tested additionally with a preservative series (PS), and from 1787 patients tested with an industrial biocide tray (IB) were evaluated. Sensitization rates (standardized) of the SS preservatives were all >?1%, with thiomersal rating highest (5.3%), the parabens lowest (1.6%), and the remainder (chlormethylisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone, formaldehyde and methyldibromoglutaronitrile/phenoxyethanol (MDBGN/PE)) in the range of 2%. The most important allergens of the PS were, in women, alkylaminobenzoate (contained in milking fat) (2.5%), MDBGN/PE (2.2%), benzalkonium chloride (1.8%), chloracetamide (1.4%), diazolidinyl urea (1.3%), octylgallate (1.2%) and BronopolTM (1.1%). In men rates differed only with regard to alkylaminobenzoate (0.9%). Patients tested with the IB series reacted most often to methylene-bis-thiocyanate (5%), but with a reaction index of ??0.7, many reactions were most probably false positives. A further seven preservatives, mostly formaldehyde-releasers used in cutting fluids, gave sensitization rates of between 1% and 3%. Glutaraldehyde, not contained in the series but often tested additionally, showed a remarkable increase in sensitization during the study period. Health care personnel were frequently affected. Altogether, this study identified areas of concern within the different groups of preservatives. The overall impact of most of the preservatives on public health seems to be low, but for diagnostic reasons preservatives must be included in patch test series.

Substances (14)

Related products
Procduct Name CAS Molecular Formula Supplier Price
2-Phenoxyethanol 122-99-6 C8H10O2 942 suppliers $7.00-$3567.59
Propylparaben 94-13-3 C10H12O3 940 suppliers $9.00-$1440.00
Formaldehyde 50-00-0 CH2O 902 suppliers $10.00-$1760.00
Bronopol 52-51-7 C3H6BrNO4 865 suppliers $7.62-$2495.47
Benzalkonium Chloride 63449-41-2 C17H30ClN 631 suppliers $12.00-$2790.00
Glutaraldehyde 111-30-8 C5H8O2 621 suppliers $13.50-$2110.00
2-Methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one 2682-20-4 C4H5NOS 548 suppliers $10.00-$800.00
Chloroacetamide 79-07-2 C2H4ClNO 535 suppliers $5.00-$3326.40
5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one 26172-55-4 C4H4ClNOS 466 suppliers $15.00-$4161.85
Methylene dithiocyanate 6317-18-6 C3H2N2S2 417 suppliers $39.00-$2333.10

Similar articles

IF:2.7

Methanol Synthesis from H2 and CO2 on a Mo6S8 Cluster: A Density Functional Study?

The Journal of Physical Chemistry A Ping Liu*, YongMan Choi,etc Published: 30 October 2009
IF:3.4

Topical Peptide Treatments with Effective Anti-Aging Results

Cosmetics S. Schagen,etc Published: 22 May 2017
IF:3.1

2-Nitrobenzaldehyde: a convenient UV-A and UV-B chemical actinometer for drug photostability testing

Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis John M. Allen , Sandra K. Allen ,etc Published: 15 December 2000
马关县| 五指山市| 湛江市| 鄄城县| 蒙城县| 兴安县| 东乌珠穆沁旗| 旌德县| 惠州市| 宝鸡市| 皮山县| 桃源县| 思茅市| 肇东市| 光泽县| 曲阜市| 剑阁县| 广丰县| 抚顺市| 佛学| 青冈县| 平阳县| 安远县| 托里县| 和静县| 徐水县| 涞水县| 孝感市| 南川市| 全南县| 增城市| 定边县| 中宁县| 福泉市| 孟津县| 灌云县| 威信县| 肇东市| 武清区| 邓州市| 南投县|