1,3-ジクロロプロペン (cis-, trans-混合物) 化學(xué)特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色～黃色, 澄明の液體
溶解性
水に不溶, アルコール, アセトンに易溶。エタノール及びアセトンに極めて溶けやすく、水にほとんど溶けない。
用途
有機(jī)合成原料(農(nóng)薬)、薫蒸剤。
説明
This nematocide is used as a sol fumigant prior to crop
cultivation. Mainly farmers and process operators
employed at pesticide plants are exposed.
化學(xué)的特性
1,3-Dichloropropene is a colorless to strawcolored liquid. Sharp, sweet, irritating, chloroform-like odor.
使用
1,3-Dichloropropene (a technical-grade mixture of the cis-and transisomers) is used as a preplanting fumigant, mainly for the control of nematodes affecting the roots of plants, selected plant diseases, garden centipedes, wireworms, and weeds; as a solvent; and as an intermediate in the manufacture of 3,3-dichloro-1-propene and other pesticides. It is registered for use on all vegetable, fruit, and nut crops, all forage crops, tobacco, all fiber crops, and all nursery crops (EPA 1998). In Hawaii, 1,3-dichloropropene is used to control nematodes on pineapples at planting (Albrecht 1987). In 2009, three products containing 1,3-dichloropropene as an active ingredient were registered for restricted, non-residential use in the United States (EPA 2009). No products containing 1,3-dichloropropene are registered for use by homeowners (EPA 1998).
調(diào)製方法
1,3-DCP is produced either by high-temperature chlorination
of propylene or from 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol by dehydration
with phosphoryl chloride or phosphorus pentoxide in
benzene. All commercial preparations of 1,3-DCP are mixtures
of the cis- and trans-isomers.
According to SRI Consulting, Dow AgroSciences LLC
(Freeport, Texas) is the only current manufacturer of 1,3-
DCP. Active registrants of 1,3-DCP pesticide formulations
include Dow AgroSciences LLC (Indianapolis, Indiana),Soil Chemicals Corporation (Hollister, California), and
Trical (Hollister, California).
一般的な説明
A clear colorless liquid. Flash point 95°F. Denser (at 10.2 lb / gal) than water and insoluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air. Used to make other chemicals and as soil fumigant.
空気と水の反応
Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
1,3-Dichloropropene reacts vigorously with oxidizing materials. Reacts with aluminum, active metals, and halogenated compounds. Also reacts with acids and thiocyanates. Corrosive to magnesium, magnesium alloys and aluminum alloys. Incompatible with some metal salts .
健康ハザード
VAPOR: Irritating to eyes, nose and throat. LIQUID: Will burn skin and eyes. Harmful if swallowed.
火災(zāi)危険
FLAMMABLE. POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE. Flashback along vapor trail may occur. Vapor may explode if ignited in an enclosed area. Toxic and irritating gases may be generated.
作用機(jī)制
線蟲などにとって必須の酵素に含まれるチオール基やヒドロキシ基などの求核中心と反応することによりその酵素を阻害し，活性を発揮する。
農(nóng)業(yè)用途
Soil fumigant, Nematicide: This chemical is also used in combinations with
dichloropropanes as a soil fumigant to kill nematodes,
insects and fungus on cotton, potatoes, tobacco, sugar
beets, vegetables, grain, citrus planting sites, deciduous
fruit and nut-tree planting sites, and ornamental trees and
floral sites. Top four applications in California are on
sweet potatoes, carrots, wine grapes and outdoor propagation
nurseries. It is used on a wide variety of crops. Not
approved for use in EU countries. Actively registered
in the U.S.
製品名
DURHAM NEMATOCIDE®[C];
FUMAZONE®[C]; NEMAGON®[C]; NEMEX®; PROKILL
NEMATOCIDE®[C]; TELONE®; TELONE II®;
TELONE II-B®; TELONE® EC DRIP; VIDDEN D®;
VORLEX®
接觸アレルゲン
This nematocide is used as a soil fumigant prior to
crop cultivation. Farmers and process operators
employed at pesticide plants are mainly exposed
安全性プロファイル
Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental carcinogenic data. Poison
by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes.
Moderately toxic by skin contact. Mildly
toxic by inhalation. A strong irritant.
Mutation data reported. A pesticide. A
flammable liquid and dangerous fire hazard
when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidzers.
Reacts vigorously with oxidizing materials.
To fight fire, use water, foam, CO2, dry
chemical. When heated to decomposition it
emits toxic fumes of Cl-. See also ALLYL
COMPOUNDS and CHLORIDES.
職業(yè)ばく露
Used as a soil fumigant prior to
planting crops, such as cotton, sugar beet, potatoes; used in
combinations with dichloropropanes as a soil fumigant.
Workers engaged in manufacture, formulation and application of this soil fumigant and nematocide.
発がん性
Technical-grade 1,3-dichloropropene (co
ntaining 1.0% epichlorohydrin as a stabilizer) is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals. The technical-grade 1,3-dichloropropene used in the cancer studies in experimental animals was a mixture of cis- and trans-isomers and varied in purity and the stabilizer used (see Properties).
代謝経路
Degradation of 14C-1,3-dichloropropene in aerobic
soils in the dark at 25℃ at concentration of
approximately 100 μg g
-1 results in the formation of 3-chloroallyl alchohol, 3-chloroacrylic acid, numerous
minor carboxylic acid metabolites, and carbon dioxide.
In addition, there is extensive incorporation of 14C
labeled material into the soil organic matter in the
soils. By a specific bacterium (Pseudomonas cichorii
170) which is isolated from soil, 1,3-dichloropropene is
degraded in different pathways from those of soil
degradation. The terminal degradate by this bacterium
is acetoaldehye which undergoes mineralization.
輸送方法
UN2047 Dichloropropene, Hazard Class: 3;
Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.
不和合性
Vapor may form explosive mixture
with air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates,
peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine,
fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep
away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids,
oxoacids, and epoxides. May accumulate static electrical
charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. Incompatible
with strong acids; oxidizers, aluminum or magnesium compounds; aliphatic amines; alkanolamines, alkaline materials;
halogens, or corrosives. Note: Epichlorohydrin may be
added as a stabilizer.
廃棄物の処理
Incineration, preferably
after mixing with another combustible fuel. Care must be
exercised to assure complete combustion to prevent the
formation of phosgene. An acid scrubber is necessary to
remove the halo acids produced. In accordance with
40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of
pesticides and pesticide containers. Must be disposed properly by following package label directions or by contacting
your local or federal environmental control agency, or by
contacting your regional EPA office. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on
acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≧100 kg/mo) must conform with
EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.
1,3-ジクロロプロペン (cis-, trans-混合物) 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準(zhǔn)備製品