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Uridine-5'-diphosphate disodium salt (UDP-Na2) is a potent, selective P2Y6 receptor native agonist (EC50=300 nM; pEC50=6.52 for human P2Y6 receptor). It is an endogenous metabolite, catalyzes the glucuronidation of a wide array of substrates and is used in nucleic acid (RNA) biosynthesis. It has also been used as a purinergic agonist, in order to study its effect on the flux of absorbed cations in cochlear outer sulcus cells (OSC) and vestibular migratory cells (VTC). UDP-Na2 has also been used to determine the activity of nucleoside diphosphatase (NDPase) in the rabbit retina.

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Uridine-5'-diphosphate disodium salt is mainly used in nucleic acid (RNA) biosynthesis and cell signalling studies. Uridine-5'-monophosphate disodium salt (UDP-MS) is a structural analogue of uridine and is used as a dietary supplement. It has been shown to inhibit phosphodiesterase and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase, both of which are enzymes that degrade the secondary messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP).

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Uridine-5'-diphosphate disodium salt (UDP-Na2) is an organometallic compound, It is a P2Y6 receptor agonist and GPR105 receptor inhibitor. It is used in studies on nucleic acid (RNA) biosynthesis and cell signaling. UDP is a nucleotide that upon phosphorylation to UTP becomes a substrate for enzymes such as RNA polymerase(s) and GTPases. These enzymes are involved in a wide range of applications from the synthesis of RNA to the regulation of G-coupled Protein Receptors (GPCR) and cell signaling molecules such as Rho-signaling via Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEF).

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Uridine-5'-diphosphate disodium salt hydrate has been used:
as a standard for quantification of metabolite levels in murine tumor interstitial fluid by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS)
as a UDP standard for nucleotide analysis by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS)
to treat E6.5 retina explants in vitro, to study its effect on the entry and elongation of microglial cells into the embryonic quail retina

Purification Methods

Crystallise it from MeOH. It may contain some Ba salt(s); hence stir it with Amberlite IR-120 cation exchanger (25mL, wet resin, 15-50 mesh in H+ form) in H2O (50mL) until the nucleotide dissolves. Filter, wash resin with H2O until the eluate is neutral. Combine the filtrate and washings, and adjust the pH to 8.0 with 2.0 M aqueous NaOH. Concentrate it in vacuo to a small volume (~ 20mL), and add Me2CO dropwise until crystallisation begins. Cool to 0o, and the shiny plates of di Na uridine-5’-phosphate dihydrate are filtered off and dried over P2O5 at 25o/0.1mm for 24hours (>76% recovery). UV: max at 262nm ( 10,000 M-1cm -1) in 0.1 M HCl. [Boon et al. J Chem Soc 408 1950, Smith Biochemical Preparations 8 130 1960.] [Beilstein 24 IV 1214.]

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