Dabrafenib (GSK2118436);N-[3-[5-(2-Amino-4-pyrimidinyl)-2-(tert-butyl)-4-thiazolyl]-2-fluorophenyl]-2,6-difluorobenzenesulfonamide;N-[3-[5-(2-aminopyrimidin-4-yl)-2-tert-butyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]-2-fluorophenyl]-2,6-difluorobenzenesulfonamide;CS-658;abrafenib;Darafenil;Dabrafenib;Darla fini;GSK2118436A;Debrafenib API
In May 2013, the US FDA approved dabrafenib (also referred to as GSK 2118436) for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma with the BRAFV600E mutation as detected by a FDA-approved test. Dabrafenib was identified from a screen of an oncology-directed kinase collection, followed by extensive structure–activity relationships (SAR) on an initial thiazole lead. Dabrafenib is a potent inhibitor of B-BRAFV600E kinase (IC50=0.65 nM) compared to its potency against wild-type B-raf (IC50=3.2 nM). It also inhibits other kinases (e.g., CRAF) and other mutant B-raf kinases (BRAFV600E and BRAFV600D) with enzyme IC50s of <5 nM and is fairly selective versus a panel of 270 kinases. Consistent with its in vitro activity, oral administration of dabrafenib inhibits the growth of B-RafV600E mutant melanoma (A375P) and colon cancer (Colo205) human tumor xenografts growing subcutaneously in immunocompromised mice. Key steps in the synthesis of dabrafenib are condensation of an aryl sulfonamide ester with the lithium anion of 2-chloro-4-methylpyrimidine to generate a ketone intermediate and bromination of the ketone intermediate with N-bromosuccinamide followed by cyclization with tert-butyl thioamide to afford the desired thiazole core.
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Dabrafenib is an inhibitor of mutated BRAF kinase and has clinical activity with a manageable safety profile in clinical trials of phase 1 and 2 in patients with BRAF(V600)-mutated metastatic melanoma.
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ChEBI: An organofluorine compound and antineoplastic agent, used as its mesylate salt in treatment of metastatic melanoma.
